昆明市2005年-2010年餐具卫生状况分析

目的]了解昆明市餐饮业餐具消毒的卫生状态，为餐饮业卫生监督提供科学依据。方法]采用GB14934—94纸片法和GB／T4789—2003检测大肠菌群和致病菌。结果]2005年、2007年、2008年、2009年、2010年餐具合格率分别是80．58％、94．85％、97．03％、96．07％、95．73％，2008年餐具合格率最高，呈逐年上升趋势，致病菌均未检出。碗、碟、盘、杯、勺和筷类的合格率分别是90．90、92．12、89．65、95．73、94．32和93．61，年度之间和不同餐具间合格率有显著性差异。结论]昆明市餐饮业中使用的餐具卫生状况整体情况比较好，但盘、碗和碟等污染较重。建议卫生监督部门针对餐具消毒存在的薄弱环节，加大消毒不合格企业处罚力度，提高消毒合格率。

Analysis for sample detection of sterilization quality of table wares in Kunming duing 2005 -2010

Objective] To evaluate the hygienic status of tableware of catering industry in Kunming. Methods ] The sterilization quality of tableware were monitored based on the standard of GB14934 -94 and the pathogenic bacteria were examined based on the criteria of GB/T4789-2003. Results] The qualified rates of tableware in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 were 80.58%, 94.85%, 97.03%, 96.07%, 95.73% ,respectively. The qualified rate in 2008 was the highest. No pathogenic bacteria were detected. The qualified rate of bowl, disc, dish, cup, spoon and chopsticks respectively were 90.90%, 92.12% , 89.65%, 95.73% , 94.52% and 93.61% , respec- tively. Significant differences existed in annual qualification rate and in different types of tableware. Conclusion] The hygienic conditions of tableware in Kunming are generally good. But there are still hygienic problems in the dish, bowl and disc etc. The supervision on dinning should be strengthened.