安阳地区献血者HIV感染情况及检测疫情上报策略探讨

目的分析安阳市2008-2013年献血人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染状况,探讨献血者HIV感染发展趋势和采供血机构HIV检验及疫情上报策略。方法统计安阳市2008-2013年无偿献血者血液HIV检测情况,针对用ELISA法初筛为阳性的标本送检CDC进行确证实验,并进行χ2检验分析,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2008-2013年安阳市献血者整体抗-HIV初筛阳性率为0.1%,确证阳性率为8.5/10万,抗-HIV初筛阳性率和确证阳性率均呈上升趋势,其中初筛阳性率差异有统计学意义;32个初筛双试剂阳性的献血者中确证阳性者有26人,初筛单试剂阳性与双试剂阳性的确证阳性人数组间比较具有显著差异;初筛单试剂阳性与初筛双试剂阳性不同S/CO值样本的确证阳性比较差异有统计学意义。结论采供血机构对初筛复检双试剂阳性标本向CDC进行HIV送检会对发挥预防、控制艾滋病疫情更具现实意义,应制定以血液筛查为目的的HIV检测和疫情上报策略。

Exploration of Report Strategies of HIV Infection and Detecting Epidemic of Blood Donors in Anyang District

Objective To analyze HIV infection and its epidemic tendency in blood donors and to explore the submis- sion strategies of HIV tests in blood collection laboratories of Anyang from 2008 to 2013. Methods HIV detection in blood donors was statistically analyzed. Through ELISA screening, the positive samples were submitted to the Center of Disease Control（CDC） to implement confirmatory tests. Results The anti-HIVscreening positive rate of blood donors was 0.1% at first,the confirmed positive rate was 8.5/100,000. The positive rates of both primary screening and confirmatory tests were increasing. 26 cases were found to be positive by eomformatory tests in 32 positive blood donors in primary screening.A significant difference was noted in confirmated positive subjects with the single reagent and double reagents. Additionally,use of double reagents in confirmed positive cases showed superiority to the single reagent in samples of differentS/CO values. Conclusion Comfirmatory test in the blood collection agencies after primary screening has a critical role in prevention and control of AIDS epidemic in submittion of HIV information to CDC. Blood collection agencies should formulate the submittion strategy for HIV detection and epidemic situation.