头孢菌素类药物皮试意义探讨

目的探讨头孢菌素类药物皮试的意义。方法统计该科头孢菌素类药物皮试的结果，搜索文献，统计头孢菌素类药物致过敏性休克的个案及其相关因素，并收集不良反应、变态反应和过敏性休克的发生率，对所得结果进行分析。结果该科2006～2011年头孢菌素类药物皮肤过敏试验阳性率为2．59％，假阴性率为0．24％。在相关文献中，头孢菌素类药物不良反应、变态反应和过敏性休克发生率分别为2．34％、1．65％、0．54％。结论首次注射头孢菌素类药物前有必要行皮肤过敏试验，采用原药作皮试液更有实际指导意义。

Significance of skin allergic test of cephalosporins

Objective To explore the significance of skin allergic test of cephalosporins. Methods The re- sults of skin allergic test of cephalosporins in our department were recorded and the related literatures were collected for carrying out statistics of case of anaphylactie shock caused by eephalospofins and its associated factors, and its in- cidence rate of adverse reactions, allergic reactions and anaphylactie shock were recorded; then the comparative anal- ysis of the results was performed. Results In our department from 2006 to 2011 the skin allergic test positive rate of cephalosporins was 2. 59%, its false negative rate was 0. 24% ; the investigation of related literatures showed the inci- dence rate of adverse drug reactions, allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock of the eephalosporins separately were 2. 34%, 1.65%, 0. 54%. Conclusion It is necessary to make skin allergic test before the first injection of cephalo- spofins. Using the original drug for preparing solution of skin allergic test has more practical significance.