老年肺癌患者衰弱现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查老年肺癌住院患者衰弱的发生现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取广西某三级甲等肿瘤医院胸瘤外科146例60岁及以上的肺癌患者,应用一般资料调查表、中文版格列宁根衰弱指标量表、中文版Barthel指数进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析老年肺癌患者衰弱的影响因素。结果 在老年肺癌住院患者中,衰弱患者占36.3%,衰弱总分为（3.01±1.58）分,其中躯体衰弱（1.27±0.90）分,认知衰弱（0.58±0.49）分,社交衰弱（0.52±0.50）分,心理衰弱（0.65±0.49）分。多元线性回归分析结果显示：年龄、肺癌分期、疾病病程、合并多病、日常生活能力对老年肺癌患者衰弱得分影响有统计学意义（P<0.001）,5个因素共解释总变异的50.4%。结论 老年肺癌患者在躯体、认知、社交、心理方面存在不同程度的衰弱状态,多种因素可影响其衰弱的发生,肿瘤专科医护人员应重视对该人群衰弱情况的评估,及时采取有效可行的干预措施,改善其生活质量,减轻医疗负担。

Frailty of Elderly Patients with Lung Cancer and Its influence Factors

Objective To investigate the current status of frailty in elderly patients with lung cancer and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 146 cases of lung cancer patients aged 60 and above in the department of thoracic oncology, a tertiary grade-A cancer hospital in Guangxi were selected by convenient sampling and were surveyed by using general information questionnaire, Chinese version of Groningen Frailty Index and Barthel index scale. The influencing factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results The total score of frailty was 3.01±1.58, including physical frailty 1.27±0.90, cognitive frailty 0.58±0.49, social frailty 0.52±0.50, and mental frailty 0.65±0.49. Multiple linear regression showed that age, stage of lung cancer, course of disease, multiple diseases, and activities of daily living had statistically significant effects on frailty score of elderly lung cancer patients, which explained 50.4% of the total variance (P<0.001). Conclusion Elderly patients with lung cancer have different degrees of frailty in physical, cognitive, social and psychological aspects, and multiple factors can affect the occurrence of frailty. Tumor specialists should attach importance to the assessment of frailty in this population, and timely take effective and feasible intervention measures to improve their quality of life and reduce medical burden.