青岛市592名社区老年人社会隔离现状及影响因素研究

目的了解社区老年人社会隔离现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、Lubben社会网络量表-6、日常生活活动能力量表、老年抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表对青岛市6家社区592名老年人进行横断面调查。结果592名老年人中,社会隔离者176名,社会隔离发生率为29.7%;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高龄(OR=10.674,95%CI:2.685~42.434)、医疗负担重(OR=4.254,95%CI:1.307~13.849)、运动锻炼少(OR=2.587,95%CI:1.023~6.537)、缺乏社会参与(OR=16.872,95%CI:3.851~73.921)、老城区(OR=36.271,95%CI:2.718~84.063)、抑郁(OR=2.720,95%CI:1.110~6.662)、社会支持水平低(OR=12.008,95%CI:2.175~66.299)是老年人社会隔离的危险因素。结论社区老年人社会隔离发生率较高,应针对相关影响因素进行干预管理,使老年人积极融入社会,以提高老年人生活质量,促进健康老龄化。

Current Status of Social Isolation of Community-dwelling Elderly People in Qingdao and Its Influencing Factors

Objective To investigate the current status of social isolation in community-dwelling elderly people and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 592 elderly people in 6 communities in Qingdao was conducted by using demographic questionnaire, Lubben Social Network Scale-6, Activities of Daily Living Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale. Results Among the 592 elderly people, 176 were socially isolated, accounting for 29.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (OR=10.674,95%CI：2.685~42.434), heavy medical burden (OR=4.254,95%CI：1.307~13.849), inadequate exercise (OR=2.587,95%CI：1.023~6.537), lack of social participation(OR=16.872,95%CI：3.851~73.921), old city (OR=36.271,95%CI：2.718~84.063), depression(OR=2.720,95%CI：1.110~6.662) and low level of social support (OR=12.008,95%CI：2.175~66.299) were risk factors for social isolation. Conclusion The prevalence rate of social isolation among the community-dwelling elderly is high, so intervention should be carried out according to relevant influencing factors to make the elderly integrate into the society actively, so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly and promote healthy aging.