急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力影响因素分析

目的 了解急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力现状及其影响因素,为改善急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力提供参考依据。方法 便利抽样选取太原市568名急诊护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力问卷及心理资本中文修订版问卷对其进行调查。采用Pearson相关性分析方法,分析护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力和心理资本之间的关系,应用分层回归分析方法,分析护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力影响因素。结果 急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力评分为（3.88±0.55）分;心理资本得分为（4.51±0.69）分;心理资本与应急能力呈正相关（r=0.717,P<0.01）;分层回归分析结果显示医院级别、是否参加过突发公共卫生事件应急演练、是否经历过灾害救援活动和心理资本4个影响因素进入回归方程,共解释急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力变异的55.7%,控制一般资料后心理资本能独立解释突发公共卫生事件应急能力变异的46.7%。结论 急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力处于中等水平,护士心理资本处于中等水平,心理资本对护士应急能力具有积极影响作用,护理管理者应合理组织急诊护士参加突发公共卫生事件应急演练,同时采取有效措施提高护士心理资本,进一步提高全国各层次医疗机构急诊护士突发公共卫生事件应急能力。

Influence Factors of Response Capacity for Public Health Emergencies in Emergency Nurses

Objective To understand the current status of emergency nurses' response capacity for public health emergencies and its influencing factors, and to provide reference for improving response capacity to public health emergencies. Methods With convenient sampling, 568 emergency nurses in Taiyuan City were chosen as research object and were surveyed by using general data questionnaires, emergency nurses' emergency capacity questionnaires for public health emergencies, and Chinese version of Psychological Capital Questionnaires. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between nurses' emergency capacity for public health emergencies and psychological capital, and the hierarchical regression analysis method to analyze the factors affecting nurses' emergency capacity for public health emergencies. Results The score of emergency capacity for public health emergencies was 3.88±0.55; that of psychological capital 4.51±0.69 and psychological capital was positively correlated with emergency ability (r=0.717, P<0.01). Stratified regression analysis showed that hospital level, whether participating in emergency drills for public health emergencies, whether participating in disaster rescue activities, and psychological capital had entered regression equation, explaining 55.7% of the change in emergency nurses' emergency capacity for public health emergencies. After controlling the general data, psychological capital could independently explain the 46.7% of the change. Conclusion Emergency nurses' response capacity for public health emergency, and nurses' psychological capital are in a moderate level. Psychological capital has a positive effect on nurses' emergency response capacity. Nursing managers should reasonably organize emergency nurses to participate in public health emergency response drills. Effective measures to increase psychological capital of nurses are important to further improve emergency response capacity of emergency nurses at all levels of medical institutions across the country.