老年慢性病出院患者护理需求现状调查分析

目的了解老年慢性病出院患者的护理需求,为制订针对性的出院指导提供依据。方法采用老年慢性病患者护理需求调查问卷对2家三级甲等综合医院及1家二级甲等综合医院的250例出院老年慢性病患者进行调查,了解老年慢性病出院患者护理需求状况。结果出院老年慢性病患者的护理需求得分呈中等偏高水平;单项护理需求以疾病护理与预防方面为主;排在前5位的分别是出现紧急情况时医护人员的救护、护士定期提供体检、健康知识的宣教、安全用药指导及慢性病的长期护理;不同经济收入水平、患者出院后是否需要照顾在护理需求方面比较,均P〈0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论老年慢性病出院患者的护理需求是多方面的,护士在实施出院护理时,重点应关注患者不同护理需求,特别是经济条件差或出院后需要照顾的患者,并有针对性地做好出院指导,满足老年慢性病患者的护理需求。

Status quo of nursing needs in discharged elderly patients with chronic diseases

Objective To investigate the nursing needs in the discharged elderly patients with chronic diseases so as to provide them with corresponding discharge instructions. Methods 250 elderly patients with chronic diseases discharged from two First Class Grade A hospitals and one Second Class Grade A hospital in Guangzhou from January to June 2009 involved the investigation by a questiotmaire on the nursing needs including disease nursing, prevention and health promotion. Results The discharged elderly patients with chronic diseases had nursing needs at a moderate to high level. The top 5 nursing needs were cares provided by the physician and nurses in case of emergency, regular physical examinations from the nurses, education of health knowledge, instructions for medicine-taking safety and long-term nursing of chronic diseases. The factors influencing the nursing needs were economic conditions and post-discharge care （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The elderly patients with chronic diseases have diverse nursing needs after discharge. Nurses should attach importance to those patients in poor economic conditions and those needing post-discharge care.