应用小鼠肺肿瘤短期诱发实验检测桦木尘提取液的致癌性

目的 检测桦木尘水提取液和有机提取液的致癌性。方法 采用小鼠肺肿瘤短期诱发实验的一阶段和两阶段模型。结果 桦木尘水提取液和有机提取液在小鼠肺肿瘤一阶段短期诱发实验中未引起小鼠肺肿瘤的明显增加；小鼠肺肿瘤短期诱发两阶段实验中，桦木尘水提取液的2、2、4g/kg三个剂量组诱发的平均肿瘤数和肺肿瘤发生率分别为0．04、4．08％，0．15、8．33％和0．24、14．30％，随着剂量的增加而有所提高，经回归曲线拟合方差分析，存在明显的剂量－效应关系（P＜0．05），其中，4g/kg剂量组小鼠平均肿瘤数和肿瘤发生率与对照组、1g/kg组和相同剂量的一阶段组相比，差异有显著性（P＜0．05）；桦木尘有机提取液亦引起了肺肿瘤发生率和平均肿瘤数的增加，但各组之间差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 桦木尘提取液可能为一启动剂，桦木尘水提取液的致癌性强于有机提取液。

The model of mouse hmg tumor short-term induction test for assaying the carcinogencity induced by extracts of birch wood dust

Objective To assay the carcinogencity of water and organic extracts of birch wood dust. Methods One stage and two stage model of mouse lung tumor by short-term induction test were used. Results In the one stage experiment,no significant difference of the incidence of mice lung tumors was observed between different dosage groups of water extracts and organic extracts.In the two stage experiment,the tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse in three dosage groups treated with the water extracts(1,2,4 g/kg) were 4.08% and 0.04,8.33% and 0.15,14.30% and 0.24 respectively with dose increment.There was a significant dose-response relationship between them(P<0.05),and the tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse in 4 g/kg group were significantly higher than those in the control group and 1 g/kg group and its one stage group(P<0.05).The tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse induced by organic extracts were higher with increasing dose,but no significant difference among groups was found(P>0.05). Conclusion Both extracts of birch wood dust may be initiators,and carcinogenic effect of the water extract is stronger than that of the organic extract.