南、北柴胡不同组分对小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究

目的探讨南、北柴胡不同组分对小鼠急性毒性的影响。方法分别制备南、北柴胡水提组分和醇提组分,按照经典小鼠急性毒性试验方法,进行南、北柴胡不同组分的小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究,试验数据用公斤体重法计算最大耐受量（MTD）和最大给药量（MLD）,连续观察14天。结果南、北柴胡不同组分对小鼠急性毒性强度为：北柴胡醇提组分〉南柴胡醇提组分〉北柴胡水提组分〉南柴胡水提组分。南、北柴胡水提组分没有出现死亡,测得MLD值按含生药量计算分别为181.6g·kg-·1d-1和201.6g·kg-·1d-1,分别相当于临床70kg人每公斤体重日用量的1412.4倍和1568.0倍;南、北柴胡醇提组分无法做出LD50,测得MTD值按含生药量计算分别为46.4g·kg-1·d-1和75.2g·kg-1·d-1,分别相当于临床70kg人每公斤体重日用量的360.9倍和584.9倍。结论北柴胡药材毒性大于南柴胡,且南、北柴胡的醇提组分均大于其水提组分。柴胡皂苷类物质含量高低与其毒性大小有一定相关性,推测柴胡皂苷可能是其主要毒性物质基础。

Comparative Study on Mice's Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolii

Objective To discuss the effect of different composition of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli on mice＇s acute toxicity.Methods Respectively prepare the water extracted and alcohol extracted components of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli,and compare the acute toxicity of different components in Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli on mice in accordance with classical acute toxicity test methods,and the experimental datas are calculated MTD and MLD with the Kg body weight method,with the continuous administration and observation for 14 days.Results The acute toxicity of different components in Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli on mice is：alcohol extracted components of Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli alcohol extracted components of Radix Bupleuri water extracted components of Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli water extracted components of Radix Bupleuri.The water extracted components of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli did not appear dead.Calculated by crude drug content,the MLD were respectively 181.6 g·kg-1·d-1 and 201.6 g·kg-1·d-1,which is equal to 1412.4 times and 1568.0 times of 70kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses.The alcohol extracted components of Radix Bupleur and Radix Bupleuri Scorzoneraefolli are unable to make LD50,the MTD were respectively 46.4 g·kg-1·d-1 and 75.2 g·kg-1·d-1,which is equal to 360.9 times and 584.9 times of 70kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses.Conclusion The toxicity of Radix Bupleuri Scor-zoneraefolli is bigger than the Radix Bupleur,and the toxicity of the alcohol extracted components is bigger than the water extracted components.There is some relevance between the content of Bupleurum saikosaponin and the toxicity,so we speculated that the Bupleurum saikosaponin may be the mainly toxical basis.