浙江省台州市成年人吸烟和被动吸烟状况调查

目的了解浙江省台州市成年人群的吸烟和被动吸烟情况,为制定有针对性的控烟措施提供基础资料。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法于2010—2011年在全市9个县(市、区)抽取符合条件的成年人群作为本次研究的受试对象。分析指标包括吸烟率、开始吸烟年龄、吸烟者平均每日吸烟量、戒烟率和被动吸烟率等。结果调查对象吸烟率为23.6%,男性、女性吸烟率分别为48.0%和1.2%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=683.60,P<0.01)。开始吸烟的平均年龄为(22.9±5.5)岁,平均每天吸烟(20.4±12.8)支。不吸烟的调查对象被动吸烟率为40.2%,其中男性、女性分别为31.6%和43.2%。调查对象戒烟率为21.8%,其中男性、女性分别为21.9%和17.6%。被调查的吸烟者中有53.9%不打算戒烟。男性和女性吸烟者打算现在开始戒烟比例仅为5.4%和14.3%。分别仅有35.2%和29.5%的调查对象认为吸烟和被动吸烟对健康重度有害。结论台州市成人居民烟草暴露严重,居民吸烟率、被动吸烟率处于较高水平,戒烟率较低,烟草控制面临巨大挑战。

Epidemiological survey on smoking and passive smoking situation among adults in Taizhou City,Zhejiang Province

Objective To describe the smoking and passive smoking status among adults in Taizhou City and provide baseline data for specialized tobacco control development.Methods A multi-staged cluster sampling survey was carried out in 9 districts from 2010 to 2011.Several indicators were analyzed such as smoking rate,age of smoke beginning,smoking amount per day,quit rate and passive smoking rate.Results The overall smoking rate was 23.6%（48.0% for males and 1.2% for females）.There was statistically significant difference between males and females（χ2=683.60,P0.01）.The average age of smoke beginning was（22.9±5.5）years old,and（20.4±12.8）cigarettes were consumed per day.Passive smoking rate in non-smokers was 40.2%（31.6% for males and 43.2% for females）.The quit smoking rate was 21.8%（21.9% for males and 17.6% for females）.53.9% smokers did not intend to quit smoking,while only 21.9% males and 17.6% females intended to quit smoking recently.Only 35.2% of respondents believed smoking was harmful to health seriously,and 29.5% of them believed passive smoking was harmful to health seriously.Conclusion Adult residents were exposed to tobacco seriously in Taizhou City.Both smoking rate and passive smoking rate were at a high level,and quit rate stayed low level.Tobacco control work faces huge challenges.