Epstein-Barr-Virus-Infektionen nach Stammzelltransplantation

EBV associated lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) after stem cell transplantation (SCT) is linked with an often fulminate course and a high mortality. Main risk factors are EBV primary infection after transplantation,T cell depleted graft,T cell antibodies (ATG,ALG, OKT3) and unrelated or HLA-mismatched donors.Besides some limitations, EBV viral load has proven to be an effective tool in early diagnosis and monitoring of therapy. Therapeutic options are mainly based on monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies (Rituximab) and the adoptive T cell transfer,which proved to be effective in prophylaxis as well as in therapy.Future perspectives are standardizing of EBV viral load measurement, establishing of immunological diagnostics as well as the prophylaxis of PTLD.