中药泽泻中提取的化合物对尿草酸钙结石形成的影响

目的 通过乙二醇与氯化铵诱导的大白鼠肾草酸钙结石模型观察从中药泽泻中提取的三种化合物对尿草酸钙结石形成的影响,并探讨其抑制尿草酸钙结石形成的有效成分.方法 中药泽泻饮片,经药理学方法得到化合物Ⅰ、化合物Ⅱ、化合物Ⅲ.50只Wistar雄性健康大白鼠,随机分为5组,A组:正常空白对照组;B组:草酸钙结石成石组;C组:化合物Ⅰ实验组,在给予诱石剂的同时,每只大鼠每天灌胃化合物Ⅰ 1 ml,其他各实验组以此类推;D组:化合物Ⅱ实验组;E组:化合物Ⅲ实验组.各组在相同条件下饲养4周后,用代谢笼收集大鼠的24 h尿液检测24 h尿草酸(OX),Ca2+含量,断颈处死大鼠检测肾组织Ca2+含量,偏光显微镜下观察肾组织Von-Kossa's染色切片中草酸钙结晶大小,形态分布和肾小管损害程度.结果 C组24 h尿Ca2+(61.49±2.06)含量高于B组(37.23±1.84),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肾Ca2+(10.35±6.45)含量明显低于B组(49.20±9.63),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);切片可见少量草酸钙晶体沉积和肾小管轻度扩张.结论 从中药泽泻中提取的化合物I能显著降低肾组织Ca2+含量和增加草酸钙结石大白鼠24 h尿Ca2+的分泌量,明显降低草酸钙晶体在肾脏的沉积和减轻肾小管的损害程度,因而化合物Ⅰ是泽泻抑制尿草酸钙结石形成的重要成分.

Effect of three compounds extracted from Aiisma Orientalis ( Sam. ) juzep, on urinary calcium oxalate stones formation

Objective To study the effect of three compounds extracted from Alisma Orientalis on urinary calcium oxalate stones formation and identify the effective constituents.Methods Three com-pounds were extracted from Alisma Orientalis.In the in vivo experiment, 50 adult healthy male Wistar strain rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10 each) :group A (normal con-trol group), group B (oxalate calcium stone formation group), group C (compound Ⅰ-treated group), group D (compound Ⅱ -treated group),group D (compound Ⅲ-treated group).After feeding for 4 weeks under the same conditions,24 h urine was collected and the levels of 24-h OX, and Ca2+ were determined.All kidneys were resected,and crystal/stone location, renal tubular dilation and the total of Ca2+ contents in the renal tissues of all rats were examined.Results The result of the in vivo experiment showed that in group C, renal tissue calcium content (10.35±6.45) and crystals deposition were significantly lower than those in group B except for 24 h urinary Ox excretion,but the 24-h urinary calcium excretion (61.49±2.06) was increased.Conclusion The compound I extracted from Alisma Orientalis seems to decrease renal tissue calcium content, tubular dilatation and crystals deposition but increase 24-h urinary calcium excretion in renal tissues in vivo, therefore to be the effective constituent of Alisma Orientalis to prevent calcium oxalate stone formation.