阿托伐他汀强化降脂对老年颈动脉斑块患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度及血管内皮功能的影响

目的 探讨老年颈动脉斑块患者经强化降脂后,血管内皮功能和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT)的变化.方法 102例确诊为老年颈动脉斑块的患者随机分为阿托伐他汀常规剂量组(10 mg/d)48例及强化降脂组(20 mg/d)54例,治疗1年后检测TC、LDL-C、HDL-C和TG水平,超声观察CIMT最厚处和最薄处、肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张(FMD)及颈动脉斑块指数(P1)的变化.结果 2组治疗后1年CIMT最厚处和PI与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05),但是CIMT最薄处、FMD、TC、LDL-C和TG水平与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义常规降脂组:CIMT最薄处(0.85±0.20)、(0.83±0.22)mm,FMD(3.85±1.41)%、(7.91±1.05)%,TC(6.46±1.19)、(4.82±1.26)mmol/L,LDL-C(4.71±1.00)、(3.16±1.00)mmol/L,TG(1.55±0.45)、(1.49±0.44)mmol/L;强化降脂组:CIMT最薄处(0.84±0.20)、(0.63±0.17)mm,FMD(3.74±1.38)%、(10.25±1.58)%,TC(6.36±1.06)、(4.10±1.00)mmol/L,LDL-C(4.73±1.01)、(2.28±1.26)mmol/L,TG(1.56±0.53)、(1.50±0.49)mmol/L,P均＜0.05].而且治疗后1年强化降脂组较常规降脂组差异更明显(P均＜0.05).结论 强化降脂治疗能更有效地降低TC和LDL-C水平,改善内皮功能,降低CIMT.阿托伐他汀具有稳定斑块、减缓粥样硬化斑块进展的作用.

Influence of intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin on carotid intima-media thickness and vascular endothelia function in patients with geriatric carotid plaque

Objective To observe the changes of carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT) and vascular endothelia function in patients with geriatric carotid plaque before and after intensive lipid lowering was performed.Methods 102 patients diagnosed with carotid plaque were ramdomly divided into common group (atorvastatin 10 mg/d,n=48) and intensive lipid lowering group (atorvastatin 20 mg/d,n=54).After one year of treatment,the fasting venous blood total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high density lipeprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were assayed,and the thickest and thinnest CIMT and brachial arterial.endothelium dependent diastolic function (FMD) and carotid artery plaque index(PI) were measured by ultrasound.Results Two groups in the thickest CIMT and PI had no significant difference before and after treatment (P＞0.05).The levels of FMD,TC,LDL-C,TG and the thinnest CIMT had significant difference before and after therapy common group:GIMT(0.85±0.20)mm,(0.83±0.22) mm,FMD(3.85±1.41)%,(7.91±1.05)%,TC(6.46±1.05) mmol/L,(4.82±1.26) mmol/L,LDL-C (4.71±1.00) mmol/L,(3.16±1.00) mmol/L,TG (1.55±0.45) mmol/L,(1.49±0.44) mmol/L;intensive lipid lowering group:CIMT(0.84±0.20) mm,(0.63±0.17) mm,FMD (3.74±1.38) %,(0.25±1.58)%,TC (6.36±1.06) mmol/L,(4.10±1.00) mmol/L,LDL-C (4.73±1.01) mmol/L、(2.28±1.26) mmol/L,TG (1.56±0.53) mmol/L,(1.50±0.49) mmol/L,P＜0.05].After one year's therapy,the difference in intensive lipid lowering group was more obvious than in common group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Intensive lipid lowering therapy is more effective to decrease TC,LDL-C and CIMT and to improve the vascular endothelia function.Atorvastatin is effective to stabilize the plaque and to retard the atheroscleresis development.