Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus producing granulocyte-colony stimulating factor: report of a case

A 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for dysphagia, pyrexia, and leukocytosis. The serum level of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was elevated. Barium esophagography and endoscopy revealed a polypoid tumor in the middle portion of the esophagus. After an esophagectomy, the leukocyte count and serum G-CSF level normalized. The pathological diagnosis was carcinosarcoma of the esophagus with two components: namely, squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoma. Moreover, cancer cells were positive for G-CSF antibody. These findings confirmed that the esophageal carcinosarcoma in this case was a G-CSF-producing tumor. Although a G-CSF-producing esophageal carcinosarcoma is very rare, this disease should be considered when a patient has symptoms such as leukocytosis and pyrexia without an associated infection.