Characterization,expression, and evolutionary analysis of new TLR3 and TLR5M genes cloned from the spiny eel Mastacembelus armatus |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China;2. School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China;1. Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8570, Japan;4. Informatics Development & Management Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Zoology, University of Jaffna, Jaffna 40000, Sri Lanka;4. Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea;1. Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23090, México;2. Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP, 78210, México;3. Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, Spain;1. Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea;1. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China;2. College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;3. Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China;4. Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572018, China;5. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, China;1. Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8570, Japan;3. Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea;4. Insilicogen Inc., Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we identify two new TLRs from the spiny eel Mastacembelus armatus (TLR3 and membrane TLR5M). Both MaTLR3 and MaTLR5M were expressed in all tested tissues; expression was highest in liver and spleen, respectively. After infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, expression of both TLRs fluctuated and differed significantly from controls at several time points. The predicted three-dimensional model of the MaTLR3 and MaTLR5M proteins indicates that most sites under positive selection were located in the extracellular domains of TLRs. Evolutionary analysis detected positively selected sites in the ancestral lineages of vertebrates, amphibians and reptiles. Multiple ML methods recovered 10 positively selected sites in teleost TLR3 and 24 in TLR5M, and most sites were located in leucine-rich repeat domain, possibly related to an “arms-race” co-evolution with pathogens. |
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| Keywords: | Spiny eel Toll-like receptor TLR3 TLR5M TLR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" toll-like receptors PRR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Pattern-recognition receptor PAMP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" pathogen-associated molecular pattern LRR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" leucine-rich repeat TM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" transmembrane TIR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Toll/IL-1 receptor PBS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" phosphate buffered saline ORFs" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" open reading frames PCR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polymerase chain reaction qPCR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" quantitative PCR ML" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" maximum likelihood 3D" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" three-dimensional lnL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" log-likelihood LRTs" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" likelihood ratio tests SLAC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" single likelihood ancestor counting model FEL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fixed-effect likelihood model REL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0205" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" random effect likelihood model FUBAR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0215" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation model MEME" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0225" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mixed effects model of evolution UTR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0235" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" untranslated region PDB" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0245" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" protein databank |
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