重症监护病房下呼吸道感染病原菌的耐药分析

目的:了解ICU下呼吸道感染患者痰培养的病原菌分布和耐药情况,以期更好的指导临床合理使用抗生素。方法:对2007年7月至2009年5月本院ICU下呼吸道感染患者的痰培养检出菌和药敏结果进行回顾性调查。结果:共检出病原菌2441株,其中革兰阴性菌1987株,占81.4%;革兰阳性菌342株,占14.0%;真菌112株,占4.6%。革兰阴性菌中检出率较高的分别是洋葱伯克霍尔德菌、铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌。其中非发酵菌占所有分离病原菌的59.3%,是ICU下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,药敏结果显示这些非发酵菌的耐药现象严重。肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌的产ESBLs的百分率分别为55.3%和80.3%,敏感性最好的抗生素是亚胺培南。革兰阳性菌中检出率较高的是金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的检出率为70.5%。肺炎链球菌对青霉素的耐药率达到78.6%,对左旋氧氟沙星和万古霉素敏感,耐药率为0%。结论:洋葱伯克霍尔德菌、铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是ICU下呼吸道感染患者痰培养的主要病原菌,需注意合理使用抗生素,加强病原菌的耐药性监测。

Drug-resistance of pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection for patients in intensive care unit

Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug-resistance of pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection for patients in intensive care unit and to help the correct use of clinical antibiotics.Methods:Review was performed to analyze pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection for patients in intensive care unit and its drug-resistance isolated from Jul 2007 to May 2009 in hospital.Results:There were 2441 strains of pathogen isolated from intensive care unit.Including gram-negative bacterium 1987 str...