高龄患者生物型全髋置换术的早期疗效与并发症分析

目的 总结分析高龄患者(≥75岁)应用生物型全髋置换术治疗的早期疗效与并发症.方法 2003年2月～2007年8月共行28例(28髋)高龄患者生物型全髋置换术.术前诊断:骨性关节炎16例,股骨头坏死7例,陈旧性股骨颈骨折3例,新鲜髋臼骨折合并股骨颈骨折1例.陈旧性髋臼骨折1例.每次随访时行临床疗效评估、X线检查;记录术中、术后并发症.结果 患者均获得随访,平均2.5年(1～5.5年).随访期间无一例死亡.临床疗效:术前Harris评分平均42分(8～54分),最后一次随访时平均87分(66～97分),其中优9例,良16例,可2例,差1例,优良率为89.3%.术前5例(17.9%)中度疼痛、19例(67.9%)重度疼痛、4例(14.3%)极重度疼痛.最后一次随访时25例(89.3%)疼痛消失、2例(7.1%)微痛、1例(3.6%)轻度疼痛.X线表现:髋臼假体外展角为43.5°(38～56°),前倾角13.5°(4～20°),最终随访时无假体移位或松动现象;股骨侧最终随访时可见假体周围骨性稳定27髋,纤维稳定1髋;假体下沉<2mm者3髋,其余均无假体下沉.并发症:术中无血管、神经损伤;术后脱位3例,脱位率为10.7%,伤口浅表感染1例,异位骨化2例.结论 生物型全髋置换术治疗高龄患者早期能取得满意的临床疗效和X线表现,但是术后脱位等并发症不容忽视,应积极预防并发症的发生.

Analysis of Clnical Results and Complications of Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical results and complications of cementless total hip arthroplasty in the elderly. Methods From February 2003 to August 2007, 28 patients (28 hips) underwent cementless total hip arthroplasty. The diagnosis included osteoarthritis in 16 cases,avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 7 cases,old femoral neck fractures in 3 cases,fresh acetabular fracture combine with femoral neck fracture in 1 case, and old acetabular fracture in 1 case. Clinical and radiographic ...