Candidatus Rickettsia hoogstraalii in Ethiopian Argas persicus ticks |
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| Authors: | Vera Pader Joanna Nikitorowicz Buniak Alemseged Abdissa Haileeysus Adamu Tadele Tolosa Abebaw Gashaw Ronald R. Cutler Sally J. Cutler |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Health, Sports & Bioscience, University of East London, London, UK;2. College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia;3. College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia;4. School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK;1. Service d’Ecologie et des Systèmes Vectoriels, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Algiers, Algeria;2. Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, WHO Collaborative Center for Rickettsioses and Other Arthropod Borne Bacterial Diseases, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France;1. State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China;2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 105th Hospital of PLA, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China;1. Ministère de la Défense, Service de Santé des Armées, Groupe de Travail en Epidémiologie Animale, 111 Avenue de la Corse, BP 40026, 13568 Marseille Cedex 02, France;2. Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, WHO collaborative center for rickettsioses and other arthropod borne bacterial diseases, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France;3. Ministère de la Défense Nationale, Direction Générale de la Santé Militaire, Service Vétérinaire, Bab Saadoun 1005 Tunis, Tunisia;1. Biozentrum Grindel, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;2. Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany;3. Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany;4. National Center of Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;5. Military Hospital Hamburg, Department Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany;6. Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany;7. University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Ethiopian soft ticks Argas persicus, hard ticks including both Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp., and fleas were collected from livestock, traditional human dwellings, and cracks and crevices of trees. They were assessed in pools for the presence of Rickettsia using PCR-based methods. The extracted tick DNA was subjected to molecular screening for Rickettsia, which revealed 50.5% of the pooled samples to be positive for Rickettsia spp. These were then subjected to multi-gene analysis using both outer surface proteins and housekeeping genes with proven discriminatory potential. Sequencing of the citrate synthase and outer membrane genes clearly led to the identification of three distinct rickettsial species, Candidatus Rickettsia hoogstraalii in Argas persicus ticks; R. africae in hard tick pools, and R. felis in fleas. Furthermore, we demonstrated the presence of the plasmid-borne small heat-shock protein gene hsp2 in DNA from A. persicus ticks suggesting that Candidatus R. hoogstraalii carried by these ticks possess a plasmid. Unlike chromosomal gene sequences, the hsp2 gene failed to cluster with Candidatus R. hoogstraalii, instead falling into an isolated separate clade, suggesting a different origin for the plasmid. |
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