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The Red clover necrotic mosaic virus origin of assembly is delimited to the RNA-2 trans-activator
Authors:Veronica R. Basnayake
Affiliation:Plant Virology Group, Campus Box 7342, Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7342, USA
Abstract:The bipartite RNA genome of Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) is encapsidated into icosahedral virions that exist as two populations: i) virions that co-package both genomic RNAs and ii) virions packaging multiple copies of RNA-2. To elucidate the packaging mechanism, we sought to identify the RCNMV origin of assembly sequence (OAS). RCNMV RNA-1 cannot package in the absence of RNA-2 suggesting that it does not contain an independent packaging signal. A 209 nt RNA-2 element expressed from the Tomato bushy stunt virus CP subgenomic promoter is co-assembled with genomic RNA-1 into virions. Deletion mutagenesis delimited the previously characterized 34 nt trans-activator (TA) as the minimal RCNMV OAS. From this study we hypothesize that RNA-1 must be base-paired with RNA-2 at the TA to initiate co-packaging. The addition of viral assembly illustrates the critical importance of the multifunctional TA element as a key regulatory switch in the RCNMV life cycle.
Keywords:Red clover necrotic mosaic virus   Virion assembly   Origin of assembly   trans-activator   Dianthovirus   Tombusviridae
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