单节段复位固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折

目的 评价单节段椎弓根螺钉复位固定胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床疗效. 方法 自2003年10月至2008年2月,采用单节段椎弓根螺钉固定治疗A3.1型(37例)、A3.2型(30例)胸腰椎骨折.术后摄X线片来测量骨折椎楔变指数、骨折节段矢状位指数评价影像学效果,并通过腰功能评分评价临床疗效. 结果 所有患者手术顺利,手术用时平均93 min,术中出血量平均157 ml.随访65例,平均随访时间为19.8个月(4～27个月),全部骨性融合,除1例出现螺钉松动外,无内固定失败.术前骨折节段平均矢状位指数及骨折椎楔变指数分别为13.06°、42.96%,术后分别为4.47°、21.78%,均较术前明显改善(P<0.01).除2例外,最后随访末见明显矫正丢失(P<0.05).临床腰功能评分较术前明显改善(P<0.05). 结论 经骨折椎单节段复位固定融合术具有创伤小、用时短、出血少、脊椎运动功能单位丢失减少等优点,可用于治疗部分胸腰椎爆裂型骨折.

Efficacy of monosegmental pedicle instrumentation in treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of monosegmental pedicle instrumentation in management of thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods A total of 67 patients with traumatic thora-columbar burst fractures (type A3.1 and A3.2) were treated with monosegmental pedicle instrumentation in our department from October 2003 to February 2008. Imageologic effect was observed by measuring sagittal index and wedge index via X-ray and clinical outcomes evaluated by using low back outcome score. Results All operations were performed successfully, with average operation duration of 93 mi-nutes and average intraoperative blood loss of 157 ml. Of all, 65 patients were followed up for 4-27 months (average 19.8 months), which showed that all the patients achieved bony fusion, with no implant failure except for one with screw loosening. The sagittal index and wedge index were 13.06°and 42.9% preoperatively and 4.47° and 21.78% postoperatively, with statistical difference (P <0.01). The final follow-up showed no significant correction loss except for two patients (P < 0.05). The low back outcome scores of all patients at follow-up were improved significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions Monoseg-mental pedicle instrumentation has advantages of minimal invasion, short operative duration, less blood loss and less vertebral motion segment loss and hence is an effective and reliable operative technique for thoracolumbar burst fractures.