痔患者围手术期健康教育计划的实施和效果评价

为评估围手术期健康教育计划的实施对于痔患者术后并发症、住院天数及远期复发率的影响，将248例住院手术的痔患者随机分为干预组和对照组，两组患者的一般护理方法相同，手术和药物治疗均由同一组医师实施，同一类型的痔采用同一手术方式。干预组在手术及药物治疗的同时给予系统的健康教育，对照组只接受手术和药物治疗以及一般卫生宣教，比较两组患者效果的差别。结果显示，干预组术后并发症的程度比对照组轻，P〈0．01；干预组的住院天数明显少于对照组，P〈O．01。干预组Ⅲ期内痔和混合痔的远期复发率（1年）明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义，P〈0．05；干预组Ⅳ期内痔和血栓性外痔的远期复发率（1年）也低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。结果表明，对痔患者实施全面的围手术期健康教育，可以缩短患者的住院时间，减轻患者术后并发症，同时降低术后远期复发率。

Performing the Perioperative Health Education Program for Hemorrhoids Patients and Evaluation on its Efficacy

For the aim of evaluating the influence of performing the perioperative health education program for hemorrhoids patients on their postoperative complication,hospital stay（number of days） and long-term recurrence rate,248 stay hospital patients to be operated on were divided into interference and controlled group. For both groups performing same routine nursing, giving operative and medication by same group of surgeons, and adopting same operation for same pattern of hemorrhoids were taken;only interference group received systemic health education, while controlled group alone common health education. Then the effica- cy differences of both groups were compared each other. As results, in interference group the extent of postoperative complication, hospitalization duration （days）, and long-term （1 year） recurrence rate of Ⅲ stage internal hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids was milder, less and lower than that in controlled group,respectively（ P 〈0.01, P 〈0.01 and P 〈0.05） ;otherwise,the long-term recurrence rate （1 year） of Ⅳ stage internal hemorrhoids and thrombosed hemorrhoids was also lower than that in controlled group,but the difference had no statistical significance（ P 〈0.05）. Results show that performing whole perioperative health education could shorten hospital stay duration, reduce postoperative complication, and decrease long-term recurrence rate.