低年资护士工作倦怠及对生活质量与主观幸福感的影响

目的 探讨低年资护士工作倦怠及对生活质量与主观幸福感的影响.方法 126名三级综合医院护龄≤5年、均在临床第一线工作的护士(师)为研究组,同期118名女性健康体检者为对照组.采用工作倦怠量表(MBI)、生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI)、总体幸福感量表(GWBS)进行评估.结果 MBI评分显示:研究组的情绪衰竭(23.74±6.85)分、非人性化(11.87±5.07)分,评分显著高于对照组的(16.25±6.74)分、(8.21±3.11)分,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);而研究组工作成就感评分则显著低于对照组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01).GQOLI评分研究组的总分、躯体功能、心理功能及社会功能评分显著低于对照组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);而两组物质生活评分则差异不大,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).对照组GWBS评分均高于研究组,除对健康的担心因子分外,均有显著性差异(P＜0.01).相关分析显示,护士职业倦怠情绪衰竭、非人性化评分与生活质量总分、躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活及GWBS总分及精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快的心境、对情感和行为的控制和松弛与紧张因子呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),而工作成就感评分与此呈显著正相关(P＜0.01).护士职业倦怠情绪衰竭、非人性化评分与GWBS对健康的担心因子无显著相关(P＞0.05).结论 低年资护士存在严重的工作倦怠,其生活质量、主观幸福感较差.

Effects of job burnout on life quality and happiness of junior nurses

Objective To explore the effects of job burnout on life quality and happiness of junior nurses. Methods 126 nurses from 3 -grade general hospital who working in the wards less than 5 years were set as research group, and 118 female doing hiealth examination were set as control group. MBI, GQOLI and GWBS were used. Results MBI showed the scores of emotional failure and inhumanity were higher in research group than those in control group. Score of job achievement was significant lower in research group. GQOLI showed total score, the scores of body function, psychological function and social function in research group were significant lower than those in control group. There was no difference in substance living. The score of GWBS in control group was higher than that in research group. Correlation analysis showed negative correlation between job burnout, emotional failure, inhumanity and living quality, body function, psychological functional, social function. But there was positive correlation between job achievement and the others. Conclusions There are serious job burnout and lower living quality, happiness in junior nurses.