下肢外骨骼康复机器人在膝关节活动受限康复治疗中的应用

背景:下肢外骨骼康复机器人以持续主被动活动联合为理论基础,通过模拟人体运动,刺激机体的自然复原力,发挥组织代偿作用。目的:动态观察并了解下肢外骨骼康复机器人在膝关节活动受限患者功能锻炼中的康复作用。方法:将20例术后早期膝关节活动受限患者随机等分为实验组与对照组,实验组采用下肢外骨骼康复机器人行肢体功能锻炼,对照组采用被动训练装置CPM机行功能锻炼,治疗间隙2组均采用心理疏导、低频脉冲电疗和红外线等物理治疗。结果与结论:治疗2个月后,实验组与对照组患者膝关节后屈、前伸活动度均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.01),同时实验组股四头肌肌力较治疗前明显改善(P<0.01)。2个月后的后续治疗,实验组患者膝关节后屈、前伸活动度有了进一步的改善(P<0.05),对照组上述指标无明显改善。说明早期采用下肢外骨骼康复机器人或CPM机配合心理疏导、低频脉冲电疗和红外线等治疗均能明显提高膝关节活动受限患者膝关节活动度,同时下肢外骨骼康复机器人具有恢复患者股四头肌肌力的作用。

Application of lower limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots in rehabilitation treatment of activity limited knee joint

BACKGROUND: Limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots can stimulate the natural resilience of body through simulated human movement to achieve tissue compensation based on its theoretical basis of continued combined active and passive activities. OBJECTIVE: To dynamically observe and realize the rehabilitation effect of limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots on functional exercise of patients with activity limited knee joint. METHODS: Twenty early postoperative patients with activity limited knee joint were divided into experiment group and control group randomly. The functional exercise with limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots was performed in the experiment group. The control group underwent functional exercise with passive training devices CPM. Psychological guide, low-frequency pulse electrotherapy and infrared physiotherapy were performed in both groups during the treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The active degree of retroflexion and protrusive movement of knee joint in all cases was improved. The muscle strength of the quadriceps femoris in experiment group was significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.01). The active degree of retroflexion and protrusive movement of knee joint in experiment group was further improved after 2 months follow-up treatment (P < 0.01). The indexes above did not change in control group. The results showed that the application of limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots or passive training devices CPM combined with psychological guide, low-frequency pulse electrotherapy and infrared physiotherapy both could significantly improve the active degree of retroflexion and protrusive movement of knee joint in patients with activity limited knee joint, at the same time, the limb exoskeletons rehabilitation robots could recover the muscle strength of the quadriceps femoris.