40例早期乳腺癌的临床X线分析

目的：通过对早期乳腺癌X线征象的认识，提高早期乳腺癌的诊断水平。方法：经手术病理证实的40例早期乳腺癌术前均行临床查体、X线摄片。结果：全组22例表现为肿瘤结节，19例表现簇样钙化，11例表现小灶致密影，7例局部结构紊乱，2例单支导管扩张。结论：早期乳腺癌无论在临床表现、影像学检查均可出现不典型特征，诊断早期乳腺癌除了重视特征性征象如毛刺状结节、簇样钙化外，还应重视小灶致密影、局部结构紊乱、单支导管扩张等间接征象。乳腺X线摄片及临床查体是发现早期乳腺癌的重要手段。

Clinical and image features of 40 patients with breast cancer in early stage

Objective：To improve the understanding of the X-ray features of breast cancer in early stage, in order to improve the diagnostic rate of early stage breast cancer. Methods：Physical examination and mammography were performed in 40 patients with pathologically proved early stage breast cancer. Results：Among 40 patients, 22 cases showed knob, 19 cases presented clustered calcifications, 11 cases demonstrated small focus of increased density, 7 cases occurred focal architecture distortion, and 2 eases had single dilated duct. Conclusion：Early stage breast cancer often displayed atypical features in physical examination and mammography, the authors consider that in early diagnosis, surgenos also should pay attention to attaching importance to characteristic of increased density, focal architecture distortion, or singe dilated duct and so on. The findings of physical examination and mammography are important for the early-diagnosis of breast cancer.