实验性牙周炎动物模型研究

目的：通过给SD大鼠肌注糖皮质激素及牙间结扎建立实验性牙周炎模型。方法：将大鼠随机分成对照组、激素组、结扎组及实验组,并分别给予生理盐水、醋酸泼尼松肌肉注射、左上颌第一磨牙钢丝结扎和肌肉注射激素加结扎处理。于实验第4周及第8周分两批处死大鼠。结果：给予激素注射的大鼠于用药第3天后便出现了进食下降、少动倦怠等表现,与中医肾虚的症状相似;而未注射激素的大鼠则无上述表现。结扎组大鼠牙间乳头出现了溃疡及慢性炎症变化,牙槽嵴轻度吸收。激素组大鼠的牙槽骨呈骨质疏松性改变,牙周组织则无炎平;而上述所有病理性变化均在实验组大鼠牙周组织中出现。对照组大鼠牙周组织则正常。结论：糖皮质激素注射加牙间结扎的方法可成功的建立与临床相符的牙周炎模型,为临床牙周炎研究提供了有效的手段。

STUDY OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS

ObjectiveTo establish experimental periodontitis model in SD rats by prednisolone acetate injection and ligature of their left first maxillary molars with steel wire. MethodsForty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, a control group,a prednisolone group,a ligatured group and an experimental group.Muscle injection with saline, injection with prednisolone,ligature of left first maxillary molar with steel wire, and prednisolone injection plus ligature were administrated respectively to the above four groups.The rats were killed at 4 and 12 weeks from the beginning of the experiment.ResultsThe rats injected with prednisolone showed bad appetite and did not want to move after third time of injection.These symptoms were similar to those of 'shenxu'in traditional chinese medicine.While the above symptoms did not observed in the rats not receiving the predisolone injection.In the ligatured group,gingival papilla was ulcerated and the alveolar ridge was slightly absorbed.In the prednisolone group,the alveolar bone showed osteoporotic changes and no inflammation was observed in periodontal tissue.In experimental group,the ostoeporotic changes in alveolar bone,the absorption of alveolar ridge and chronic inflammation in gingiva were all appeared.None of above pathological changes occurred in periodontal tissue of the control group. ConclusionExperimental periodontitis model could be successfully established in SD rats by prednisolone injection plus ligature with steel wire,and this animal model offers a good method for the study of periodontitis.