人工气道计划外拔管的原因分析及护理对策

目的:探讨机械通气患者意外拔管的原因与预防措施。方法:在我科接受机械通气治疗的414例患者中,发生意外拔管24例,占5.8%。对其发生意外拔管的次数、人工气道方式和发生的原因进行分析并提出相应的护理对策。结果:患者烦躁或意识不清是造成计划外拔管的主要原因;导管固定不当占第二位因素;其次为呼吸机管道牵拉、气管插管过短过浅等。结论:对建立人工气道的患者应高度重视意外拔管的预防,肢体约束、适度镇静、加强沟通、正确固定气管套管及呼吸机管道、选择合适的气管套管型号和置管深度是有效的护理对策。

Analysis the reasons of pull out pipe outside plan with artificial airway and its nursing countermeasures

Objective:Probe into reasons of pull out pipe outside plan for patients and its prevention measures.Method:414 patients with machanical ventilation were observed,there is 24 patients were happened pull out pipe outside plan (58%),to analyse these reasons and present relevant nursing countermeasures.Result:The main reason of pull out pipe unexpected was fidgety and the awareness was blurred for patients;the second was the pipe's bad fix;other reasons were involve, the pipe shorter or shallow,and so on.Conclusion:The result shows that the effective nursing measures for patients with artifical airway were prevented pull out pipe unexpected,restrained the limbs,calm,enhanced communication,correctly fix pipe,chosen suitable pipe size,and so on .