华南人胫骨平台后倾角的三维测量及临床意义

目的　测量华南成人正常胫骨平台后倾角数据，为改进及设计适合中国人（尤其华南人）的膝关节假体和在全膝关节置换术中行合理的胫骨截骨，提供参考和依据。 方法　对80例华南志愿者膝关节行薄层螺旋CT扫描后，用Mimics软件重建出三维模型，导入Unigraphics NX软件中测量其胫骨内外侧平台的后倾角。 结果　胫骨内侧平台后倾角，左侧（8.47±3.42）°，右侧（7.84±3.30）° ；男性（7.69±　2.89）°，女性（8.62±3.74）°；平均（8.16±3.37）°；胫骨外侧平台后倾角，左侧（6.89±3.42）°，右侧（6.82±2.78）°；男性（6.84±2.82）°，女性（6.87±3.01）°；平均（6.85±2.90）°。胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角在不同性别、侧别间无显著性差异（P＞0.05），但胫骨内侧平台后倾角明显大于胫骨外侧平台后倾角（P＜0.05）。 结论　华南成人正常胫骨平台后倾角的个体差异较大，均值小于国内其他地区报道和国外大多数同类研究。

Three dimensional measurement and clinical significance of posterior slope angle of the tibial plateau in south Chinese

Objective　To provide references and evidences for design of the knee prosthesis suitable for south Chinese and optimal tibial osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty, posterior slope angle of the tibial plateau in adult south Chinese were measured.　Methods　80 adult volunteers were enrolled in this experiment. Their knees were scanned by spiral CT with obtained data imported into MIMICS for three-dimensional reconstruction; then both of posterior slope angle of the lateral tibial plateau and the medial tibial plateau were measured by Unigraphics NX software.　Results　The posterior slope angle of the medial tibial plateau in adult south Chinese was (6.86±1.92)° for the left, and (6.45±2.02)° for the right, (6.20±2.03)° for the male and (7.19±1.78)° for the female, with an average of (8.16±3.37)°; and posterior slope angle of the lateral tibial plateau was (6.89±3.42)° for the left, (6.82±2.78)° for the right, （6.84±2.82）° for the male and （6.87±3.01）° for the female, with an average of （6.85±2.90）°. There were no statistically significant differences between different genders and sides for posterior slope angle of the lateral tibial plateau or the medial tibial plateau（P>0.05）; However, the posterior slope angle of the medial tibial plateau was significantly greater than the lateral tibial plateau(P<0.05).　Conclusions　The posterior slope angle in adult south Chinese has a greater individual difference than the average in other area at home and abroad.