不同类型茶叶水提取液对衰老小鼠学习记忆和胆碱能神经功能的影响

目的 探讨茶叶水提取液对自然衰老小鼠学习记忆和胆碱能神经功能的影响。方法 80只昆明种小鼠随机分成5组:对照组、模型组、绿茶水提取液组、红茶水提取液组、黑茶水提取液组。对照组采用3月龄小鼠,其余小鼠均采用16月龄小鼠。茶叶水提取液组小鼠每天灌服1次,连续给药4周。用Morris水迷宫实验测定小鼠逃避潜伏期、目标象限搜索时间百分比和通过目标区域次数这三个指标,观察茶叶水提取液对衰老小鼠空间学习记忆能力的作用;测定脑组织中SOD、GSH-PX、MDA的活性;海马和皮层组织中ChAT活性,观察茶叶水提取液清除体内自由基和对胆碱能系统功能的影响。结果 与模型组比较,茶叶组小鼠明显缩短小鼠的逃避潜伏期,增加小鼠在目标象限搜索时间百分比,增加目标区域通过次数,能明显改善学习记忆功能。酶活性检测结果显示,茶叶组小鼠能显著增加脑组织中SOD、GSH-PX活性和降低MDA含量,增加皮层和海马组织中ChAT活性。结论 茶叶水提取液能改善衰老小鼠的空间学习记忆能力,其机制可能与其增强中枢胆碱能神经系统功能有关。

The effects of tea leaves on learning,memory and cholinergic system in aged mice

Objective To investigate the effects of 3 kinds of tea extract on learning and memory,and the effects on cholinergic nerve function in natural aging mice.Methods Eighty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group,model group,green tea extract group,Qimen black tea extract group and Ya'an black tea extract group.Three-month-old mice were used in the control group,and the other groups were given 16-month-old mice.At the end of fourth week,morris water maze test analysis system was used to detect changes in learning and memory abilities of mice,and the activity of SOD,GSH and MDA in brain,the activity of ChAT in hippocampus,respectively.Results The 3 tea extract group mice displayed promote of learning and memory ability in Morris water maze test.The mice in the tea group spent significantly less time swimming towards the former position of the hidden platform compared control,and crossed the former location of the platform significantly less frequently than controls.The activities of SOD,GSH-PX and MDA in the brain were significantly increased in the tea group,and the activity of ChAT in the hippocampus was increased.Conclusion Tea extract can improve the spatial learning and memory ability of aging mice,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing the function of the central cholinergic system.