癫痫患儿的焦虑情绪及影响因素分析

目的 观察癫痫患儿的焦虑状态,并探讨患儿的性别、抑郁、个性情况以及监护人的焦虑、抑郁和个性等对患儿焦虑状态的影响.方法 采用儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)、儿童抑郁自评量表(DSRS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Beck抑郁自评问卷(BDI)以及儿童和成人艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对95例癫痫患儿及其监护人的焦虑、抑郁、个性的3个维度进行评分,同时与对照组118例儿童的焦虑状态进行比较.结果 癫痫患儿SASC得分较对照组儿童高,癫痫组女童较男童得分高,患儿各年龄段的焦虑水平随年龄增长而增高,13～15岁癫痫组儿童得分较同年龄段对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).癫痫组SASC得分与DSRS、儿童EPQN、P量表得分呈正相关,与E量表得分呈负相关;与监护人SAS得分呈正相关,与监护人EPQ E量表得分呈负相关;而与监护人BDI以及EPQP、N量表得分之间无相关关系.监护人文化程度相同时,癫痫组和对照组SASC得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);监护人文化程度不同时,癫痫组SASC得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).监护人职业相同时,癫痫组和对照组SASC得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);监护人职业不同时,癫痫组SASC得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).患儿发作形式、影像学表现及病程不同时,患儿SASC得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 癫痫患儿的焦虑水平较正常儿童升高,且与患儿的性别、年龄、患儿和监护人的焦虑或抑郁水平及某些个性特征相关,而与患儿的发作形式、影像学表现、病程长短、监护人的职业和文化程度无关.

Anxiety and its effect factors in children with epilepsy

Objective To investigate the anxiety state of children with epilepsy and explore the influence of patients' depression, personality and guardians' anxiety, depression and personality on the patients' anxiety state. Methods Ninety-five epileptic children (epilepsy group) and their guardians were assessed to rate their anxiety, depression and personality with Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC), Depression Self Rating Scale for Children (DSRS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of children and adult (EPQ). One hundred and eighteen children recovered from upper respiratory infection were included in our study as control group. Results The SASC scores in the epilepsy group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05); in the epilepsy group, the SASC scores of girls were higher than those of boys (P＜0.05);the anxiety level of patients of all ages increased with ages; SASC scores in epilepsy group aged 13-15 years were higher than that of control group (P＜0.05). The SASC scores were positively correlated to the DSRS scores and the scores of N and P dimension of EPQ, and negatively correlated to scores of E dimension of EPQ in the epileptic group (P＜0.05). The SASC scores of patients were positively correlated to the SAS scores of guardians and negatively to scores of E dimension of EPQ in guardians (P＜0.05). No correlation between SASC scores of patients and scores of guardians' BDI and P, N dimensions of EPQ was noted (P＞0.05). Under the condition that educational level of guardians were the same, no significant differences in the SASC scores were noted between epilepsy group and control group (P＞0.05). Under the condition that educational level of guardians were different, no significant differences in the SASC scores were noted in the epilepsy group (P＞0.05). Under the condition that the occupation of guardians were the same, no significant differences in the SASC scores were noted between epilepsy group and control group (P＞0.05). Although the guardians' occupation was different (workers, farmers or administration staff), no significant differences in their children's SASC scores were noted in the epilepsy group (P＞0.05). The epileptic seizure type (partial or generalized seizure), neuroimaging changes and course of the disease had no significant influence on the patients' SASC scores in the epilepsy group (P＞0.05). Conclusion Anxiety level of children with epilepsy is higher than that of the healthy ones, which is related to gender,and age of children, anxiety or depression level and some personality of themselves and guardians, but not correlated to epileptic seizure type, neuroimaging changes, course of the disease, guardians' educational level and occupation.