饮用水中消毒副产物研究进展

从饮用水中消毒副产物 (DBPS)种类、毒性、流行病学调查以及饮用水中的分布状况 ,综述了DBPS研究的进展 ;并且从相应的卫生标准或限量值的制定以及去除方法等方面 ,综述了管理和治理情况。结果发现 ,经加氯消毒后的饮用水中DBPS 的种类很多 ,饮用水中存在的主要物质为三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类的物质 ,对人体毒性较大的物质是三卤甲烷、卤乙酸、溴酸盐和亚氯酸盐。国内外饮用水中DBPS 卫生标准或限量值在不断修改或补充 ,监测指标在不断增多 ,限量值在不断加严 ,其目的是利用消毒剂消灭病原体的同时 ,将其对人体危害降至最低。

Study advance and control measure on disinfection by-products in drinking water

The related studies on the chemistry, toxicology, epidemiology, distribution level, hygienic standard or maximum contaminant level and control measure were summarized. The results showed that a lot of disinfection by-products(DBP S) formed during chlorination and trihaloromethanes (THM S) and haloacetic acids (HAA S) were the two major groups of found in drinking water. From the present knowledge and health effects, the DBP S of most interest are THM S, HAA S, bromate and chlorite. The hygienic standard or maximum contaminant level of drinking water have been revised or supplemented. In order to decrease the chemical risk due to DBP S without compromising microbiological quality, the monitor parameters have been increased and maximum contaminant levels of the parameters have been controlled strictly.