硬膜外阻滞与氧化亚氮吸入用于分娩镇痛的效果比较

目的比较病人自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)与氧化亚氮吸入用于分娩镇痛的临床效果。方法2008年5月～2009年5月在我院住院的单胎、头位、足月临产的初产妇450例,随机均分为成三组,宫口开大3cm时,A组应用0.1%罗哌卡因硬膜外阻滞镇痛,B组应用氧化亚氮吸入(50%氧化亚氮和50%氧气)镇痛,C组为对照组,同期无镇痛药物干预。分别观察镇痛效果、产程进展、分娩方式、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、产后出血、催产素使用情况。结果A组和B组均能获得满意的镇痛效果,且A组镇痛效果优于B组(P0.05)。A组、B组分别与C组比较,均产程时间缩短,剖宫产率下降(P0.05),A组与B组比较无显著性差异。三组第二产程时间、阴道助产、产后出血及催产素使用率无增加,对胎儿和新生儿无不良影响。结论两种镇痛方法均能提供安全有效的分娩镇痛,缩短产程,降低剖宫产率;与氧化亚氮分娩镇痛相比,自控硬膜外镇痛效果更确切,更适用于分娩镇痛。

Anesthesia with Nitrous Oxide Inhalation for Labor Analgesia

Objective To compare the clinical effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia with nitrous oxide inhalationin in labor analgesia.Methods A total of 450 single-fetus full-term primiparas of vagina-deliverying were randomly divided into three groups with 150 cases for each group.When the cervix opened about 3cm,the patients of group A were given 0.1% ropivacaine for epidural analgesia and those of group B received inhalation of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen,and no analgesic drugs were used for group C...