在体和离体测定氯丙烯中毒大鼠神经电生理指标的比较

目的比较在体和离体2种测量方法测定氯丙烯（AC）亚慢性中毒大鼠坐骨神经的电生理指标的改变。方法90只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组（n=50）和染毒组（n=40），染毒组大鼠以200mg／kg剂量AC灌胃，每周3次，在染毒3、6、9、12周，分别采用在体和离体2种方法测定相应对照组和染毒组大鼠坐骨神经传导速度（NCV）、复合动作电位峰值（CAPA）、潜伏期（PL）、时程（TC）、阈电位（TP）及最大刺激电位（MSP）等指标。结果与对照组相比，在染毒6、9和12周，NCV在体测定分别降低23．6％、40．4％和48．6％，离体测定染毒12周，NCV降低15．4％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。染毒前9周，在体测定CAPA无明显变化，染毒第12周，与对照组相比下降了31．7％，染毒6、9、12周，离体测定CAPA与对照组比较分别降低31．7％、38．9％和58．9％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。PL在体测定第9、12周增加22．6％和40．7％，离体测定第12周增加8．0％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；TC在体测定第6、9、12周分别增加22．5％、34．6％和47．5％，离体测定第12周增加19．5％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；第9、12周，TP在体测定分别增加32．3％和40．0％，离体测定分别增加29．2％和35．6％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；MSP在体测定分别增加69．0％和86．5％，离体测定分别增加52．0％和61．9％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论2种测定方法均表明AC可明显改变大鼠坐骨神经电生理特性，并且具有明显的时间依赖性，但其测定的敏感指标不同。在体测定NCV是最敏感指标；离体测定CAPA是最敏感指标，可为AC中毒性神经病早期诊断提供依据。

In vivo and in vitro determination of changes of electrophysiology in rats with allyl chloride poisoning

OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of in vivo and in vitro in determination of the changes of allyl chloride (AC)-induced electrophysiology in rats sciatic nerve. METHODS: Ninety male Wistar rats weighted 180 approximately 220 g were divided randomly into two groups, i.e. experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=50). The rats in experimental group were treated with AC dissolved in corn oil (200 mg/kg ip 3 days/week) by gavage for 12 weeks. Electrophysiological indexes of each group were determined on 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks of AC intoxication. The indexes included measurements of sciatic nerve conduct velocity (NCV), compound action potential amplitude (CAPA), potential latency (PL), time course (TC), threshold potential (TP) and max stimulate potential (MSP). RESULTS: Compared to the corresponding time-matched control rats, on 6, 9 and 12 weeks of AC intoxication, NCV were decreased by 23.6%, 40.4% and 48.6% (P<0.05, P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was decreased by 15.4% (P<0.05) on 12 week, CAPA were reduced by 31.7% in vivo, while in vitro it was reduced by 31.7%, 38.9% and 58.9% (P<0.05, P<0.01), respectively, PL were prolonged 22.6% and 40.7% (P<0.01) on 9, 12 weeks in vivo, while in vitro it was prolonged 8.0% (P<0.05), TC were increased 22.5%, 34.6% and 47.5% (P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was increased 11.6%, 20.0% (P>0.05) and 19.5% (P<0.01), respectively, TP were elevated 12.1% (P>0.05), 32.3% and 40.0% (P<0.05) in vivo, while in vitro it was elevated 16.4% (P>0.05), 29.2% and 35.6% (P<0.05), respectively, MSP were increased 40.5% (P>0.05), 69.0% and 86.5% (P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was increased 29.7% (P>0.05), 52.0% and 61.9% (P<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: The two methods of in vivo and in vitro showed that AC could significantly affect the electrophysiology of sciatic nerve, and the time-dependent changes occurred. The NCV is the most sensitive indicator in vivo to the early diagnosis of AC intoxication, while CAPA is the most sensitive indicator in vitro.