2004-2005年山东省0-14岁儿童伤害死亡流行病学分析

[目的]通过对0～14岁儿童死亡资料的分析，掌握山东省儿童伤害的死亡特点，为制定干预政策提供依据。[方法]利用山东省第三次死因调查资料，对山东省2004-2005年0～14岁儿童伤害的死亡特点进行描述和分析。[结果]2004-2005年山东省0～14岁儿童伤害的死亡率为16．09／10万，标化死亡率为15．95／10万，意外伤害死亡率为15．19／10万，标化死亡率为14．78／10万。伤害死亡率总体趋势为随年龄增高而开始降低（P〈0．05）．前五位的死因分别为淹溺、公路交通事故、意外窒息、自杀和意外跌落。0～岁年龄组伤害的主要死因是意外窒息，1～岁年龄组伤害的主要死因是交通事故和淹溺，5～岁及以上年龄组伤害的主要死因是淹溺和交通事故。[结论]淹溺和交通事故死亡是我省伤害的最主要原因，要根据不同年龄的伤害特点，采取有针对性的预防措施，降低其发病率和死亡率。

An Epidemiological Analysis on the Fatal Child Injuries among Children under the Age of 14 Years in Shandong Province from 2004 to 2005

[Objective]To master the mortality and characteristics of fatal child injuries among children under the age of 14 years in Shandong province through the analysis of the child death data and provides a basis for the development of prevention and intervention policy. [Methods]The data of the third death cause investigation in Shandong Province was analyzed,the characteristics of fatal child injuries among children under the age of 14 years from 2004 to 2005 were described and analyzed. [Results]The mortality rate of injury among children under the age of 14 years from 2004 to 2005 is 16.09/ 100 000;the standardized mortality rate is 15.95/100 000,the mortality rate of unintentional injuries is 15.19/100 000, the standardized mortality rate is 14. 78/100 000. With the increasing of age, the mortality rate of injury is decreasing（2trend test, P〈0. 05）, the top five death cause is drowning, road traffic injuries,accidental suffocation, suicide and accidental fall. Accidental suffocation is the leader cause among children under the age of one year; road traffic injuries and drowning are top two causes among children aged between 1 to 4 years,drowning and road traffic injuries are top two causes among children above the age of 5 years, [Conclusion]Drowning and road traffic injuries are major causes of injuries among children under the age of 14 years. The targeted preventive measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the injury in different age groups to reduce its morbidity and mortality.