1998-2007年武城县食品、公共场所从业人员健康状况调查

[目的]为了解武城县食品、公共场所从业人员“五病”（痢疾、伤寒、乙型病毒性肝炎、活动型肺结核、化脓性或渗出性皮肤病）患病情况，便于今后的监督与管理工作。[方法]对武城县1998-2007年所有从业人员按食品、公共场所两大行业进行分类登记，询问既往病史（主要是传染病史），进行内科、皮肤科（化脓性或渗出性皮肤病）检查、X线胸透、采集粪便进行伤寒、痢疾杆菌培养，抽取静脉血2ml，分离血清，用酶联免疫吸附法检测HBsAg，阳性者再检测HBeAg。[结果]1998-2007年共检测食品、公共场所从业人员42177人。检出HBsAg阳性、痢疾和肺结核3种疾病者1278例，检出率为0．03％；未检出伤寒和皮肤病。其中，HBsAg阳性率为3．01％，痢疾检出率为0．01％，肺结核检出率为0．01％。食品从业人员检出3种疾病患者1018例，检出率为0．03％；公共场从业人员检出3种疾病患260例，检出率为0．07％。二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。HBsAg阳性率，不同行业、年份、性别、年龄间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。[结论]武城县食品、公共场所从业人员“五病”总患病（检出）率为3．03％，HBsAg阳性率为最高，应引起足够的重视。

Investigation on Health Status among Food Employees and Employees in Public Places of Wucheng County from 1998 to 2007

[Objective]To understand the prevalence of ＂five diseases＂ （dysentery, typhoid fever, viral hepatitis B, activity-based tuberculosis,suppurative or exudative dermatology） for future supervision and management. [Methods]Food employees and employees in public places were registered and asked for disease history （mainly the history of infectious diseases）, physical examination was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine. Department of Dermatology and X-ray examination,stool samples were collected for the culture of typhoid, dysentery bacilli, 2 ml venous blood sample was collected and serum was isolated, HBsAg was tested with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, HBeAg was tested for HBsAg positive person, from 1998 to 2007 in Wucheng county. [Results]42 177 food employees and employees in public places were tested from 1998 to 2007,1 278 HBsAg positive cases,dysentery and tuberculosis cases were detected,accounting for 0.03%. Cases of typhoid and dermatology disease were not detected. HBsAg positive rate was 3.01%, detection rate of dysentery was 0.01 % ,while the detection rate of tuberculosis was 0.01%. 3 diseases were detected from 1 018 food employees,accounting for 0.03 %, while the 3 diseases were detected from 260 employees in public places, accounting for 0.07%. There was a significant difference （ P 〈0.01）. There was a difference of HBsAg positive rate, different professions, year,gender and age （ P 〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The prevalence rate of 5 diseases was 3.03% in Wucheng county, HBsAg positive rate was the highest,great attention must be paid.