酶联免疫吸附法和微粒子酶免疫分析法检测HBsAb的比较

目的:用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和微粒子酶免疫分析法(MEIA)检测接种乙肝疫苗后儿童的HBsAb,并对结果进行比较。方法:用美国雅培AXSYM免疫发光仪(MEIA法)定量测定HBsAb,ELISA法定性测定HBsAb。结果:在232份标本中,MEIA法检出HBsAb阳性185份,阳性率79.74%;ELISA法检出阳性165份,阳性率71.12%。MEIA法与ELISA法相比阳性符合率为91.38%。两种方法阳性率经χ2检验,存在显著性差异(χ2=18.5,P<0.01),且MEIA法测定HBsAb浓度13.9 IU/L时,ELISA法为阴性。结论:MEIA法定量检测HBsAb的阳性率高于ELISA法,且MEIA法具有灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好等优点,可作为乙肝疫苗接种后判断免疫效果的良好方法,还可根据HBsAb浓度的变化确定需要再次免疫的时间。

Enzyme- linked immunosorbent (ELISA) and micropartical immunoassay (MEIA) for detecting HBsAb

Objective:To study and compare the state of the children vaccinated against HBV by ELISA and MEIA.Methods:HBsAb was quantitatively studied by MEIA technique and HBsAb was qualitatively determined by ELISA.Results:Based on the sample size amounted to 232,185 of them were detected as positive by MEIA technique,with a positive ratio of 79.74%;while 165 of them were detected as positive by ELISA technique,with a positive ratio of 71.12%.Thus the significant difference between MEIA and ELISA techniques was 91.38%(χ2=18.5,P<0.01).When the density of HBsAb by MEIA was 13.9 IU/L,it appeared as negative by ELISA.Conclusion:The positive ratio of MEIA is higher than that of ELISA,and it is characterized as high sensitivity and stability.Therefore,MEIA is a good method for judging the effectiveness after vaccination and deciding the time for the next vaccination by reading the density of HbsAb.