73例头孢菌素类药物严重不良反应分析

目的：了解头孢菌素类药物引起的严重不良反应（SADR）的发生规律,发掘药物警戒信号,为临床安全合理用药提供参考。方法：收集武汉市不良反应监测系统数据库中2009～2011年头孢菌素类严重的（包括新的严重的）不良反应报告,从中筛选出符合标准的73例进行分析。结果：73例SADR涉及头孢菌素19个品种,其中以头孢曲松的比例最高;临床表现以过敏性休克和过敏样反应为主的全身性损害最为突出;41例SADR发生时间在30min内;50岁以上的老年人及10岁以下儿童ADR构成比较高。从ADR病例报告中反映存在相当数量的不合理用药现象。结论：临床应高度重视头孢菌素类药物引起的过敏性休克等SADR,增强合理用药意识,以减少和避免SADR的发生。

Analysis of 73 Cases of Severe Adverse Drug Reactions Caused by Cephalosporin

ABSTRACT Objective: To realize the regularity of severe adverse drug reaction(SADR) of cephalosporin, exploring the signal of drug alert,and providing the reference of rational use of drugs for clinical safety. Methods:Analyzed 73 cases which were up to standard from severe(including new severe) adverse reaction reports of cephalosporin from 2009 to 2011 in Wuhan adverse reaction monitoring system database.Results:The SADR involved 19 kinds of cephalosporin, and the highest rercentage was ceftriaxone Clinical perfor mance based on the principle of anaphylactoid reaction and anaphylactic shock.41 cases SADRs appeared within 30 minutes after administration, the constituent ratios of elder above 50 years old and the children under the age of 10 were a relatively high. And the reports of the SADR cases reflected a number of irrational drug use phenomenon. Conclusion:Clinical should pay high attention to anaphylactic shock and other SADRs caused by cephalosporin. To enhance the consciousness of rational drug use, in order to reduce and avoid the happening of SADRs.