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目的探讨应用维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)治疗的终末期肾病(end-stage renaldisease,ESRD)患儿的临床特点,为今后儿童MHD的治疗提供参考。方法首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院血液净化中心2000年1月至2011年3月因ESRD行MHD的患儿共23例,其中男12例,女11例;年龄2.5～15.6岁。对其原发病、退出原因、透析并发症及透析充分性等进行统计和回顾性分析。结果在MHD儿童中ESRD的原发病中慢性肾小球肾炎8例,居首位,占34.8%,原因不明者5例,占21.7%。HD开始时均以临时中心静脉双腔管为血管通路,87.0%成功建立动静脉内瘘。动静脉瘘组尿素清除指数(spKt/V)(1.52±0.39),尿素下降率为(70.70±10.52)%,明显优于临时静脉双腔管组的(1.08±0.50)和(56.44±17.33)%。透析并发症以高血压、低血压和透析失衡综合征为常见,高血压发生率达87.0%,而低血压和失衡综合征发生率仅为5.6%和4.7%。退出原因43.5%为回当地医院透析,17.4%肾移植,死亡1例(4.3%),放弃治疗2例(8.7%)...

Clinical analysis of maintenance hemodialysis in children

Objective To provide the reference of future treatment for end stage renal disease (ESRD) in children by analyzing the clinical characteristics of ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods 23 cases including 12 males and 11 females aged from 2.5 to 15.6 years on MHD were analyzed.The cause of ESRD and exiting MHD,complication of HD and dialysis adequacy were assessed.Results The main cause of ESRD was chronic glomerulonephritis(87.0%),whereas 21.7% patients of unknown reason.The vascular acces...