广西某县农民农药喷施作业中不良反应影响因素分析

目的探索广西某县农民农药喷施作业中不良反应及影响因素,为减少农药喷施作业职业危害、保护农民健康提供科学依据。方法对广西某县从事农药喷施作业的农民进行问卷调查,内容包括基本信息、农药喷施作业情况和不良反应情况等,分析农民在农药喷施作业中不良反应的发生情况及其影响因素。结果共纳入2180名研究对象,不良反应发生率为30.78%。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示,女性、农药泄露、单次喷施时间2~6小时、单次喷施时间>6小时、作业过程中饮水、戴口罩和穿胶鞋是农药喷施作业产生不良反应的危险因素,OR值(95%CI)分别为1.58(1.29-1.94)、2.77(2.23-3.44)、1.66(1.23-2.24)、2.08(1.54-2.80)、1.48(1.20-1.82)、1.52(1.21-1.92)和1.34(1.09-1.65)。结论广西某县农民,尤其是女性,在农药喷施作业中的不良反应发生率较高,农药泄露、单次喷施时间>2小时(特别是>6小时)、作业过程中饮水、戴口罩和穿胶鞋均可能增加不良反应发生的风险。

Study on the influencing factors of adverse reactions during pesticide spraying in a county of Guangxi

Objective To explore the adverse reactions and influencing factors of pesticide spraying in a county of Guangxi,and to provide scientific basis for reducing occupational hazards of pesticide spraying and protecting the health of farmers.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on farmers engaged in pesticide spraying operation in a county of Guangxi,which included basic information,pesticide spraying operation and adverse reactions,etc.The occurrence and influencing factors of adverse reactions in pesticide spraying operation were analyzed.Results A total of 2180 subjects were included,and the incidence of adverse reactions was 30.78%.Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that female,pesticide leakage,single spraying time of 2-6 hours,single spraying time of>6 hours,drinking water during operation,wearing masks and rubber shoes were the risk factors of adverse reactions in pesticide spraying operation.OR values(95%CI)were 1.58(1.29-1.94),2.77(2.23-3.44),1.66(1.23-2.24),2.08(1.54-2.80),1.48(1.20-1.82),1.52(1.21-1.92)and 1.34(1.09-1.65),respectively.Conclusion Farmers in a county of Guangxi,especially women,have a high incidence of adverse reactions in pesticide spraying operation.Pesticide leakage,single spraying time>2 hours(especially>6 hours),drinking water during operation,wearing masks and rubber shoes may increase the risk of adverse reactions.