婴幼儿哮喘药物吸入治疗远期疗效观察

目的：探讨婴幼儿哮喘吸入治疗的远期疗效。方法：选择90例哮喘患儿分为观察组和对照组各45例，对照组给予抗感染、止咳化痰、吸氧、镇静、雾化吸入博利康尼等综合治疗，疗程7d；观察组在此治疗的基础上，给予普米克令舒吸入治疗，连续治疗2年。观察指标包括近期疗效、不良反应、远期临床指标和血清免疫球蛋白变化。结果：（1）近期疗效：观察组明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）；（2）远期临床指标：观察组喘息发作时间、呼吸道感染次数、咳嗽时间、发热时间、抗生素使用时间、住院时间均明显少于对照组（P〈O．05）；（3）血清免疫球蛋白：观察组治疗6、12、18、24月末IgA、IgG明显高于对照组（P〈O．05），IgE明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）；（4）不良反应：观察组不良反应率7．1％，对照组4．9％，两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：普米克令舒雾化吸人防治婴幼儿哮喘，因药量小，不良反应小，远期疗效确切，方法简便易行，可广泛应用于基层医院。

Observation of long-term therapeutic effect of inhalation treatment in infants with asthma

Objective：To investigate the long-term therapeutic effect of inhalation treatment in infants with asthma. Methods：90 infants with asthma were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group （45 cases each）. The patients of control group were carried out conservative therapy, including anti-infection,relieving cough and reducing phlegm, inhaling oxygen, sedation and in- haling bricanyl, 7 d as a treatment course.The patients of observation group were received inhaling pulmicort on the conservative therapy basis for two years. The therapeutic effect, adverse effects and immunoglobulin of two groups were compared. Results： （1）Short-term therapeutic effect：the observation group was superior to the control group （P〈0.05） ; （2）Long-term therapeutic effect：the time of onset of wheezing,frequency of respiratory tract infection,cough persistence time, durations with fever,the days of using antibiotics,the time of hospitalization in observation group were significantly shorter than those of control group （P〈0.05） ; （3）Immunoglobulin ： IgA, and IgG levels after treatment 6 months, 12 months, 18 months,24 months in observation group were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05） ,IgE levels were lower than those of control group （P〈0.05） ; （4）Incidences of adverse reactions were respectively 7.1% in ob- servation group and 4.9% in control group ,there was no significant difference （P〉0.05）.Conclusion：Inhaling pulmicort has reliable long- term efficacy and higher safety in preventing and treating infants asthma.