23例肺栓塞临床特点分析

目的通过对肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)临床特点分析与总结,提高对PE的认识。方法对23例PE患者的高危因素、临床表现及常见辅助检查结果进行分析。结果 PE患者有高危因素。临床症状中呼吸困难占91.30%,PE三联征仅见13.04%,其他表现包括心悸、胸痛、咯血、晕厥等。血气分析见低氧血症、低碳酸血症。D-二聚体阳性率为91.30%。91.30%心电图和86.95%超声心动图有异常。结论 PE表现缺乏特异性,但是可见低氧血症及右心室高压或右心功能不全相关的症状及辅助检查结果。

Clinical Analysis about 23 Cases of Pulmonary Embolism

Objective To improve the recognition about pulmonary embolism(PE) through analyzing the clinical features of PE.Methods Totally 23 cases of PE were retrospectively analyzed,with regard to risk factors,clinical manifestation and common accessory examinations.Results Those with high risk factors accounted for 91.30%.Common symptom was dyspnea(91.30%),while the triad of PE merely accounted for13.04%.Other symptoms included palpitation,thoracalgia,hemoptysis and syncope,et al.Blood gas analysis indicated hypoxemia and hypocarbia.The positive rate of D-dimer was 91.30%.The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram(ECG) was 91.30% and the abnormal rate of echocardiography was 86.95%.Conclusion The clinical features of PE were usually nonspecific,but there were some symptoms and results of accessory examinations,which were associated with hypoxemia and right ventricular hypertension or dysfunction.