组织工程心脏瓣膜支架材料的选择与应用

背景：支架材料的选择在组织工程心脏瓣膜中起着至关重要的作用，支架材料的选择也就影响着组织工程心脏瓣膜的构建效果。 目的：评价组织工程心脏瓣膜支架材料的的优缺点，并对其选择进行总结。 方法：以 “组织工程，心脏瓣膜，支架材料，生物相容性”，为中文关键词；以:“tissue engineering，heart valves, scaffold material, biocompatibility” 为英文关键词，采用计算机检索1993-01/2009-10相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料与组织工程心脏瓣膜的相关的文章；排除重复研究及Meta分析类文章。 结果与结论：人工合成高分子材料有更大的可控性，可预先塑性，大量制备，孔径和孔隙率较容易控制，成本低廉；天然生物材料和合成高分子材料都存在一定不足，将人工可降解材料与天然材料相结合构建瓣膜支架，发挥两者各自的优势构建出性能良好的组织工程心脏瓣膜。组织工程心脏瓣膜的研究前景广阔。但距离临床应用还有很长的路要走，相信随着研究的不断深入以及支架材料的不断优化对组织工程心脏瓣膜构建方法的改进，在不远的将来造福于广大心脏瓣膜病患者。

Selection and application of scaffold materials for tissue engineered heart valves

BACKGROUND:The choice of scaffold materials in heart valve tissue engineering plays a vital role, which affects the construction of tissue-engineered heart valve. OBJECTIVE:To review the advantages and disadvantages of tissue engineered heart valve scaffold materials. METHODS:A computer based search was performed for articles about biomaterials and tissue engineered heart valve published from January 1993 to October 2009 with the keywords of “tissue engineering, heart valves, scaffold material, biocompatibility” in Chinese and English. Repetitive studies and Meta analysis were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Synthetic polymer materials with greater controllability can be pre-plastic. The pore size and porosity of the synthetic polymer materials is easy to control, and the cost is low based on mass production. Natural biomaterials and synthetic polymers have their own shortcomings. Artificial biodegradable materials combined with natural materials can build an excellent tissue-engineered heart valve. The tissue-engineered heart valve has a good prospect, but its clinical application requires further studies. With the development and modification of scaffold materials and preparation methods, tissue engineered heart valves will benefit the majority of patients with heart valve diseases.