血管内支架成形材料在脑供血动脉狭窄治疗中的应用

目的：总结近年来血管内支架成形材料在脑供血动脉狭窄治疗中的应用情况。 方法：由作者应用计算机检索维普数据库中与血管内支架置入治疗脑供血动脉狭窄有关的文章,检索时限2000-01/2010-10。检索关键词：血管内支架成形术;脑供血动脉狭窄;缺血性脑卒中;并发症。纳入标准：血管内支架置入治疗脑供血动脉狭窄的文章。排除标准：重复研究或较陈旧文献。结果：金属内支架进入临床治疗后取得了令人瞩目的效果,但具有一定的致血栓形成性、永久性存留体内、再狭窄仍较高、金属表面难以附载药物等缺点。针对以上不足,近些年对支架材料、构形设计、制作工艺等均作了不少改进,更引人注目的是20世纪80年代末和90年代初覆膜支架的出现和生物学支架概念的提出,使血管内支架又进入了一个新的阶段。 结论：随着血管内技术的发展,脑保护装置下血管内支架置入已成为治疗颅内外动脉狭窄的主要方法之一,支架技术的安全性和有效性已显著提高,但仍存在如血栓形成、脑出血、再狭窄以及过度灌注等问题。

Endovascular stent-assisted angioplasty materials in the treatment of cerebral artery stenosis

OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application of endovascular stent-assisted angioplasty material in the treatment of cerebral artery stenosis. METHODS:An online search of VIP database from January 2000 to October 2010 was performed for articles about endovascular stent implantation in the treatment of cerebral artery stenosis. Key words are endovascular stent-assisted angioplasty; cerebral artery stenosis; ischemic stroke; complications. Inclusion criteria: endovascular stent treatment for cerebral artery stenosis. Exclusion criteria: repeated studies or older literature. RESULTS:Metal stents have achieved remarkable results in clinical therapy, but it may cause thrombosis, induce permanent retention in vivo and high restenosis, is difficult to attach drugs onto the metal surface and other shortcomings. In recent years the scaffold material, configuration design and production process have been greatly improved, especially the emergence of membrane stent and the concept of biological scaffold raised in the late 1980s and early 1990s have proposed a new stage of endovascular stent. CONCLUSION:With the development of endovascular stent techniques, the endovascular stent under cerebral protection device has become the main treatment for intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis, the stent safety and effectiveness have been significantly improved, but there are still problems such as thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, restenosis and excessive perfusion.