影响极低出生体重儿预后的相关临床因素分析

目的探讨极低出生体重儿围产期及临床影响预后的因素。方法分析234例极低出生体重儿的一般情况、母孕期情况及新生儿临床特点。结果造成极低出生体重儿的主要原因有妊娠并发症（32．5％）、羊膜早破（26．2％）、多胎妊娠（14．9％）、原因不明（12．9％）。呼吸暂停、高胆红素血症、贫血、感染及呼吸窘迫综合征是常见并发症。全组治愈率70．9％，死亡率21．8％。死亡主要原因是颅内出血、感染、呼吸窘迫综合征及肺出血等。结论加强孕期保健及新生儿生命体征的监护，尽早发现并发症并妥善处理，将有助于改善极低出生体重儿的预后。

Analysis of clinical relative factors affecting the prognosis of Very low birth weight infant

Objective:To investigate the prenatal and clinical factors affecting the prognosis of VLBWI.Methods:234 VLBW infants were analyzed with general,obstetrical and clinical aspects.Results:The risk factors causing the premature birth of VLBWI were pregnancy complications(32.5%),pre-rupture of membrane(23.1%),multiple births(18.8%) and in 16.7% cases no reason could be found.Apnea of prematurely(35.5%),hyperbilirubin(20.9%),infection(24.8%),anemia(16.7%),respiratory distress syndrome(RDS,15.4%),were the most common neonatal complications.The cure rate was 70.9% and mortality rate was 21.8% for all VLBWI.The main mortal causes were intracranial hemorrhage,infection,RDS,and pulmonary hemorrhage.Conclusion:The health care in period of pregnancy should be improved,the living sign of VLBWI must be closely monitored,the complication should be found as early as possible and treated carefully in order to improve the outcome of VLBWI.