河北省2016年度X射线诊断医疗照射频度调查

目的 通过对31家抽样医院的调查，了解X射线诊断照射的分布和应用情况，估算我省X射线诊断医疗照射频度，为做好医疗照射的放射防护工作提供支持。方法 采用全国统一的调查表调查，普查诊疗设备数量、放射诊疗类型等信息，采用分层随机抽样原则抽取医院31家，含三级医院5家，二级医院11家，一级医院15家，通过读取医院信息管理系统、人工抄录等方式调查2016年度医疗机构门急诊量、住院人数、常规X射线诊断（含CR和DR）、数字胃肠机、CT诊断等在不同性别和年龄段患者中的应用人次等信息，对结果进行分析，应用线性回归方法估算全省X射线诊断照射应用频度。结果 全省配备医用诊断X射线机6 210台，每万人拥有0.76台设备。调查的31家医院中，受检者男女性别比为1∶0.93，40岁以上人群的受照比例最高为52.35%。不同类型X射线检查在相同等级医院应用最多的是胸部摄影，占比19.19%，CT检查占比升高最显著。采用线性回归方程估算全省X射线诊断医疗照射总人次数2 899.87万；应用频度355.17人次/千人口。估计全省不同等级医院同种类型检查的受照人次，二级医院中X射线应用最多，占总应用的66.65%。结论 我省X射线设备数量、照射人次、频度均比"九五"期间显著增长，对于我省X射线诊断设备防护工作提出了更高要求。

Investigation on the frequency of X-ray diagnostic medical exposure in Hebei Province in 2016

Objective To study the distribution and application of X-ray diagnosis medical exposure in Hebei province and to estimate the frequency of X-ray diagnostic medical exposure, so as to provide support for the radiological protection of medical exposure through investigating 31 samples of hospital.Methods The information of diagnosis and treatment equipment and the types of radiology were surveyed by a unified questionnaire survey in the whole country. Using stratified random sampling principle, 31 hospitals were selected, including 5 tertiary hospitals, 11 second-class hospitals and 15 first-class hospitals. By reading the hospital information management system, manual copying, the data of emergency outpatient volume, number of hospitalizations, person-times of routine X-ray diagnoses (including CR and DR), digital gastrointestinal machines, CT diagnoses, etc. used in patients of different genders and ages in institutions was investigated in 2016. The results were analyzed and the frequency of X-ray diagnostic irradiation was estimated by linear regression method.Results There were 6 210 diagnostic X-ray machines in the province, with 0.76 equipment per 10 000 people. In the 31 hospitals surveyed, the gender ratio was 1:0.93 and over 40 years old, the highest was 52.35%.Frequency of chest photography was the highest (19.19%) and the increase on CT examination frequency was significant in all types of X-ray diagnostic radiation in the same level hospital. Using the linear regression equation, it was estimated that the total person-times of medical exposure for X-ray diagnosis in the province was 28 998 652, the annual application frequency was 355.17 person-times per thousand people and the frequency of the same type of X-ray radiation was the most in the second level hospitals with proportion of 66.65%.Conclusion The numbers of X-ray equipment, exposure person-times as well as the application frequencies of medical X-ray diagnosis are much higher than that of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", and the higher requirements for the protection work of the X-ray diagnostic equipment were needed, especially on CT radiation in Hebei Province.