产后抑郁影响因素分析

目的:了解产后抑郁症状的检出情况,探讨影响产后抑郁的因素。方法:采用随机抽样的方法,选择在本院进行产前检查并计划在该院分娩的孕晚期孕妇371例作为研究对象,对孕产妇进行孕晚期、产后1~3天及产后42~49天进行3次问卷调查。结果:产后42天抑郁症状检出率32.1%。经单因素分析,产后抑郁的影响因素包括:与公婆同住、不良孕产史、个性内向、神经质、孕期焦虑或抑郁、孕前家庭支持度、产后家庭支持度和孕期心理准备得分。多因素Logistic回归分析显示孕期焦虑或抑郁、孕期心理准备得分、产后家庭支持度和不良孕产史与产后抑郁的相关性有统计学意义。结论:本研究产后抑郁症状检出率与国内外的报道相符。孕期心理状况是发生产后抑郁症的一个预测因子;家人对孕产妇的关心和孕期心理准备充分是产后抑郁的保护因素;不良孕产史、个性不稳定、个性内向是产后抑郁的危险因素。可以在孕期进行产后抑郁症易患人群的筛查和干预,可有效预防产后抑郁症的发生。

Prevalence and its related factors of postpartum depression

Objective:To estimate the prevalence of postpartum depression and detect the risk factors of postpartum depression.Methods:A convenience sample of 371 pregnant women were administered in the third trimester of pregnancy,and were administered at 1~3 days and 42~49 days postpartum again.Results:The prevalence of postpartum depression was 32.1%. Several factors related to postpartum depression included personality,family support,past reproductive history,moods during pregnancy and attitudes towards this pregnancy.Conclusion:Predictors on postpartum depression include unstable and introversion personality,lack of family support,adverse past reproductive history,anxiety or depression during pregnancy,unplanned pregnancy. To improve the quality of care for postpartum depression,screening and managing are an effective method.