维持性血液透析患者合并感染的临床分析

目的：分析维持性血液透析（MHD）患者合并感染的特点和相关因素。方法：回顾48例MHD患者的感染部位、病原菌种类、免疫功能、营养状况、肾功能、原发病因等与感染的相关性。结果：感染组24例患者共发生感染33次,肺部感染和静脉导管感染最常见。行细菌培养29次,培养阳性20次,病原学检查以革兰氏阴性杆菌最常见（占34.5%）。感染组血红蛋白、血浆白蛋白明显降低。糖尿病和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者感染发生率高。结论：MHD患者感染发生率高,积极改善贫血和营养状况,尽可能减少侵入性操作,有助于感染的防控。

Clinical Analysis of Infectious Complication in Patients Undergoing Maintence Hemodialysis

Objective： To investigate the characteristic and possible risk in patients undergoing maintence hemodialysis（MHD）.Method： The relationship among infection and etiologies of infection,immunity,nutritional status,renal fuction,causes of chronic renal failure（CRF） were retrospectively analyzed in 48 patients underwent maintence hemodialysis.Result： 33 times infections were observed among 24 patients,pulmonary and vascular access infection were most common.20 times were positive in 29 times etiologic detection,Gram-negatives germ were most common（34.5%）.Hemoglobin and serum albumin decreaseed obviously in infectious patients.Diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus patients were more susceptible to infection.Conclusion： The prevalence of infection is high in dialysis patients,minimizing insertion of catheter,improving nutritional status was contribute to prevent and treat infections.