汶川地震2194名应急救援官兵伤病发生情况分析

目的研究部队官兵在地震应急救援行动中伤病发生的特点和规律。方法武装警察部队医学院附属医院应急保障分队诊治了参加汶川抗震救援的七支武警部队救援分队的2194名官兵，男2172人，女22人，平均年龄19．73岁，用国际疾病分类方法（ICD-10）统计疾病发病例数及构成比。结果皮肤病和皮下组织疾病占37．60％；消化系统疾病占22．42％；损伤和中毒占25．79％；呼吸系统疾病占8．47％；传染病与寄生虫病占2．91％。不同时间段各系统疾病的发生情况明显不同。第1周损伤率达高峰，然后逐渐下降；皮肤病和皮下组织疾病在第2周，并呈现逐渐上升趋势，第3、4周达高峰；消化系统疾病、传染病也有逐步上升的现象。结论地震应急救援官兵的伤病受灾难环境、救援任务、参战天数影响，呈现多元性与集中的特点。

Injuries and diseases among the officers and men in earthquake emergency rescue: analysis of 2194 cases during Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective To study the features of injuries and diseases among the officers and men in earthquake emergency rescue. Methods An emergency support team from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese People＇s Armed Police Forces diagnosed and treated 2 194 officers and men, 2 172 males and 22 females, aged 19.73. International Classification of Diseases （ICD）-10 was used to analyze the morbidity and composing ratio of injuries and diseases. Results Dermatosis and subcutaneous tissue diseases accounted for 37.60% , digestive system disease for 22.42%, injury and toxicosis for 25.79%, respiratory system disease for 8.47%, and infectious and parasitic diseases for 2.91%. The case number of injuries peaked in the first week, and then gradually decreased. Dermatosis and subcutaneous tissue diseases occurred in the second week, then gradually increased in number, and peaked in the 3rd and 4th weeks. The incidence rates of digestive system and respiratory system diseases increased gradually too. Conclusion The injury and disease situation of the officers and men in earthquake emergency rescue is affected by the disaster circumstance and the duration of task, and shows diversification and centralization.