10例洋葱伯克霍尔德菌菌血症分析

目的 了解洋葱伯克霍尔德菌血液感染的特点和易感因素,为临床采取正确的预防控制和治疗措施提供帮助.方法 采用回顾性调查的方法,对2011年1-10月10例感染洋葱伯克霍尔德菌菌血症患者的基本资料、诱发因素、用药情况和细菌耐药特点等进行统计和初步分析.结果 10例洋葱伯克霍尔德菌感染患者主要集中于肿瘤相关科室,其中5例来自淋巴肿瘤科,占50.0％；并有9例接受过侵入性操作,其中6例为中心静脉置管,占60.0％;10株洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对17种抗菌药物中的9种耐药率达到≥50.0％,但对环丙沙星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、左氧氟沙星、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶耐药率均为0.结论 洋葱伯克霍尔德菌的临床治疗用药,应以分离菌株的体外药敏试验为依据；对侵入性治疗和护理操作时要严格遵守无菌原则,强调手卫生；加强对感染患者隔离管理,避免洋葱伯克霍尔德菌多药耐药菌株和泛耐药菌株的出现和传播.

Burkhulderia cepacia bacteremia in 10 patients

OBJECTIVE To know about the characteristics and predisposing factors for Burkhulderia cepacia blood infections,so as to provide bases for correct prevention and control.METHODS By the means of the retrospective review,statistical analysis of the basic information of 10 Burkhulderia cepacia patients,the causative factors,the use of antibiotics and the bacterial resistance from Jan to Oct 2011 was performed.RESULTS Totally 10 patients with B.cepacia infections mainly distributed in tumour department,among which 5 cases were in department of lymphatic tumor medicine,accounting for 50.0%;of 9 cases who underwent invasive operations,6 cases received central venous catheterization,accounting for 60.0%;the drug resistance rates of 10 strains of B.cepacia to 9 of 17antibiotics reached up to 50.0% or above,however,the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin,piperacillin/tazolbactam,levofloxacin,cefepime and ceftazidime were 0.CONCLUSION The clinical treatment of B.cepacia infection should base on the in vitro drug susceptibility testing;it is necessary to strictly comply with the aseptic principles while conducting the invasive operation and the nursing and focus on the hand hygiene;it should intensify the isolation of the patients with infection so as to avoid the occurrence and spread of the multidrug-resistant or pandrug-resistant B.cepacia.