医院获得性血流感染的流行病学研究

目的 了解医院获得性血流感染的发病情况、流行病学分布、影响因素、病原菌和耐药性.方法 前瞻性监测医院2010年所有住院患者发生的医院血流感染,分析医院血流感染的流行病学分布和影响因素.结果 共监测住院患者35 708例,发生医院血流感染242例,医院血流感染率为0.7％,每千住院日的感染率为0.4‰；所有医院血流感染中,26.9％发生在ICU,68.6％为导管相关性感染；引起医院血流感染的病原菌,58.4％为革兰阳性球菌,30.7％为革兰阴性杆菌,10.9％为真菌,有9.9％的血流感染由＞2种病原菌引起.结论 医院获得性血流感染主要发生在ICU、血液科、肾内科、神经外科等科室,这些科室是开展目标性监测的重点部门.

Epidemiology of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiology of nosocomial bloodstream infections(BSIs),to investigate the risk factors for BSIs.METHODS A prospective hospital-wide surveillance study was performed to investigate nosocomial BSIs of all in-patients in a tertiary hospital from Jan 2010 to Dec.2010.RESULTS A total of 241 episodes of nosocomial BSIs occurred in 35708 patients,the incidence of nosocomial BSIs was 0.67% and the per 1000 patient-days incidence was 0.43‰.Of all these BSIs,26.9% occurred in intensive care units(ICU) and 68.6% were catheter-associated infections.Of all causative micro-organisms,58.4% were gram-positive cocci,30.7% were gram-negative bacilli and 1.09% were fungi,and 9.9% of all BSIs were caused by more than two species of pathogens.CONCLUSION Nosocomial BSIs mainly occur in ICU,haematology department,nephrology department,and neurosurgery department which are the key departments to conduct the targeted surveillance.