住院患者白色假丝酵母菌感染的临床回顾性分析

目的 探讨医院内白色假丝酵母菌感染的临床和流行病学特点,为减少白色假丝酵母菌感染以及相关白色假丝酵母菌的研究提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2010年9月-2011年9月住院患者白色假丝酵母菌的检出情况、标本来源、科室分布、疾病种类、医疗干预措施以及抗菌药物的使用等,并对定植组和感染确诊组的相关易感因素进行x2检验和logistic回归分析.结果 检出白色假丝酵母菌感染166例,其中101例白色假丝酵母菌确诊患者患有多种基础疾病,以肺部感染、高血压、恶性肿瘤常见;白血病在两组间差异有统计学意义,白血病患者中感染确诊组明显多于定植组；两组在静脉留置、留置导尿管、免疫抑制剂、肠外营养、放化疗、腹腔穿刺间差异有统计学意义；头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类、碳青霉烯类抗菌药物在两组间的使用差异有统计学意义；检出以＞70岁的老年患者为主,中位年龄76岁；主要分离自痰液标本占64.5％；患者主要来自血液科、ICU、肿瘤科等.结论 感染确诊组与定植组相比,白血病、免疫抑制剂、肠外营养、放化疗、静脉置管、头孢菌素类、碳青霉烯类、喹诺酮类抗菌药物的使用是感染确诊组主要的危险因素；警惕白色假丝酵母菌感染的相关危险因素,对临床防治该菌感染具有重要意义.

Retrospective analysis of Candida albicansinfections in hospitalized patients

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical epidemiological characteristics of Candida albicans infections in hospitalized patients so as to provide bases for the reduction of C.albicans infections and related study on C.albicans.METHODS The isolation status,specimens sources,department distribution,the types of diseases,medical interventions and the use of antibiotics were retrospectively analyzed for the hospitalized patients form Sep 2010 to Sep 2011;χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were performed for the relevant susceptible factors of the colonization group and the infection group.RESULTS A total of 166 patients with C.albicans infection were detected,among which there were 101 cases combined with underling diseases including the pulmonary infections,hypertension,and the malignant tumor;the leukemia patients in the infection group were more than the colonization group,the difference was statistically significant;there were statistical differences in the venous catheter,indwelling catheter,immunosuppressive agents,parenteral nutrition,chemotherapy and radiotherapy,and abdominal paracentesis;there were also statistical differences in the use of cephalosporins,quinolones,and carbapenems antibiotics;the elderly patients with 70 years of age or older was the major population with the mean age of 76 years old;most of the strains were isolated from sputum specimens,accounting for 64.5%;the patients mainly distributed in hematology department,ICU and tumor department.CONCLUSIONS As compared with the infection group and the colonization group,the leukemia,immunosuppressive agents,parenteral nutrition,chemotherapy and radiotherapy,venous catheter and the use of cephalosporins,quinolones,and carbapenems antibiotics are the major risk factors for the infection group.To beaware of the related risk factors for C.albicans infections has great significance in the clinical prevention of this species.